Animal social signals are important for population recognition, communication, and mate choice. Although natural selection often favours cryptic coloration, sexual selection can underlie patterns of coloration that function in interor intrasexual communication. We compared social signal coloration of three lizard species across a substrate colour ecotone in New Mexico. These species exhibit cry...

application of ethephon is an effective way in increase of grape fruits quality. in this study the effect of preharvest application of ethephon solution at four levels (0, 150, 250 and 300 mg/l)and application time at two levels (10-20% and 50-70% of berry coloring), were evaluated on quality indices of ghizil uzum grape cultivar at harvest time. evaluated indices were soluble solids content, t...

length-biased data are widely seen in applications. they are mostly applicable in epidemiological studies or survival analysis in medical researches. here we aim to propose a berry-esseen type bound for the kernel density estimator of this kind of data.the rate of normal convergence in the proposed berry-esseen type theorem is shown to be o(n^(-1/6) ) modulo logarithmic term as n tends to infin...

Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites synthesized in grape berry skins via the phenylpropanoid pathway, with functions ranging from skin coloration to protection against pathogens or UV light. Accumulation of these compounds is highly variable depending on genetics, environmental factors and viticultural practices. Besides their biological functions, anthocyanins improve wine quality, as a hig...

In this study, a sol-gel peroxotungstic acid sol was employed to deposit tungsten oxide (WO3) films by the spin-coating technique. In view of smart window applications, electrochromic windows were then designed and fabricated using a thin tungsten oxide film. For this purpose, Glass/ FTO/ WO3/ electrolyte/ FTO/Glass could be of use due to its special structure that consists of an electrochromic...

We present a survey on five years of experiments of excimer laser irradiation of linen fabrics, seeking a coloration mechanism able to reproduce the microscopic complexity of the body image embedded onto the Shroud of Turin. We achieved a superficial, Shroud-like coloration in a narrow range of irradiation parameters. We also obtained latent coloration that appears after artificial or natural a...

Here I survey, collate and synthesize contrasting coloration in 5000 species of terrestrial mammals focusing on black and white pelage. After briefly reviewing alternative functional hypotheses for coloration in mammals, I examine nine colour patterns and combinations on different areas of the body and for each mammalian taxon to try to identify the most likely evolutionary drivers of contrasti...

Overwhelming evidence suggests that edible small and soft-fleshed berry fruits may have beneficial effects against several types of human cancers. The anticancer potential of berries has been related, at least in part, to a multitude of bioactive phytochemicals that these colorful fruits contain, including polyphenols (flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, ellagitannins, gallotannins, phenolic acids),...

Evidence of original coloration in fossils provides insights into the visual communication strategies used by ancient animals and the functional evolution of coloration over time [1-7]. Hitherto, all reconstructions of the colors of reptile integument and the plumage of fossil birds and feathered dinosaurs have been of melanin-based coloration [1-6]. Extant animals also use other mechanisms for...