tba Peter Fankhauser (Institut für Deutsche Sprache, Mannheim), Visual correlation for exploring paradigmatic language change Abstract: Paradigmatic language change occurs when paradigmatically related words with similar usage context rise or fall together. We introduce an approach to explore such paradigmatic change in diachronic corpora by visually correlating two factors: Frequency change an...

In this research, we investigated the degree to which brain systems involved in ignoring emotionally salient information differ from those involved in ignoring nonemotional information. The design allowed examination of regional brain activity, using fMRI during color-word and emotional Stroop tasks. Twelve participants indicated the color of words while ignoring word meaning in conditions in w...

Three experiments investigated two timed implicit tests of memory-word reading and color naming. Using the study-test procedure, Experiments 1 and 2 showed that studied words caused reliable facilitation in word reading but no interference in color naming relative to unstudied words. Indeed, there was a small amount of facilitation in color naming as well. Experiment 3 further explored the colo...

In four experiments, we have investigated the influence of the affective meaning of words on memory for two kinds of contextual features that differ in the amount of effortful processes they require to be encoded in memory (i.e., color and spatial location). The main results showed that memory for color in which words were typed was better for emotional than for neutral words, but only when col...

We have developed a tourist map system based on the way people create associations between colors and affective words related to tourist attractions. This study examines such associations. In the first experiment, a participant was required to choose one color from among the seven rainbow colors and one gray-scale level from among seven gray-scale levels to associate with an affective word rela...

This article reports five experiments demonstrating theoretically coherent effects of emotion on memory and attention. Experiments 1-3 demonstrated three taboo Stroop effects that occur when people name the color of taboo words. One effect is longer color-naming times for taboo than for neutral words, an effect that diminishes with word repetition. The second effect is superior recall of taboo ...

Background and aims People with substance abuse and pathological gamblers show an attentional bias. In a laboratory setting, we found an attentional bias using an addiction Stroop in adults with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). We aimed at investigating this effect using two web-based experiments. Methods Study 1: Gamers with IGD, casual gamers, and non-gamers (N = 81, 28.1 ± 7.8 years) complete...

The Stroop task is the most widely used task for examining executive functioning. A variety of modified Stroop tasks have been created over the years. These tasks use a combination of emotionally charged words and neutral words or Xs. In general, it takes longer to identify the color of the print for emotionally charged words compared to the neutral condition. This finding has been found with s...

In this study gender language differences in the written description of color were analyzed. The total number of words used, number of tertiary level terms used, and normative emotionality were assessed. Women were found to use more words to describe color than men. An interaction effect among gender and age was found for the number of tertiary level words used. A main effect of gender for tota...