The total osmotic pressure (osmolarity) of each of a series of true body fluids has been measured and compared with that of the corresponding serum. Included were ascitic, cerebrospinal, hydrocele, edema, pericardial, pleural, spermatocele, and synovial fluids. In each case, the fluid was found to have the same osmolarity as that of the corresponding serum within the limits of experimental erro...

Measurement of colloid osmotic pressure complements measurements of pulmonary artery wedge pressure for assessing the risks of pulmonary edema and constitutes an increasingly important reference for purposes of guiding selection of colloid or crystalloid fluids in patients with acute cardiac disease. We describe a simple device for its routine clinical measurement. A membrane, selectively imper...

We report on the onset of fluid entrainment when a contact line is forced to advance over a dry solid of arbitrary wettability. We show that entrainment occurs at a critical advancing speed beyond which the balance between capillary, viscous, and contact-line forces sustaining the shape of the interface is no longer satisfied. Wetting couples to the hydrodynamics by setting both the morphology ...

In the critical phase of dengue fever, the leakage of intravascular fluid into interstitial space and 3rd space can cause hemoconcentration and severe complications such as dengue shock syndrome (DSS), and it can lead to multiple organ failure, followed by death. Close monitoring, early detection and prompt management are the keys in successful treatment. In a hemodynamically unstable patient, ...

Intravenous fluids are administered in virtually every parenteral sedation and general anesthetic. The purpose of this article is to review the physiology of body-water distribution and fluid dynamics at the vascular endothelium, evaluation of fluid status, calculation of fluid requirements, and the clinical rationale for the use of various crystalloid and colloid solutions. In the setting of e...

The importance of the colloidal osmotic pressure in biological fluids is becoming increasingly recognized, but difficulties in the older methods as yet prevent their general use in inquiries for which needed information can only be obtained from colloidal osmotic pressure data. The membrane bag arrangement used by Starling (1896) is capable of yielding admirable results (see, e.g., Adair, 1925;...

INTRODUCTION  Fluid therapy is one of the cornerstones of initial management of sepsis, but the choice of fluids used for resuscitation is controversial.  OBJECTIVES  While trying to determine the effects of alternative fluids used in sepsis resuscitation randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we found that the precise description of those fluids was frequently not available. This report presen...

Abstract Background Colloid fluids supplemented with adequate combinations of coagulation factor concentrates the capability to restore could be a desirable future treatment component in massive transfusion. Methods Starting from and blood cell-free albumin solution we added Prothrombin Complex Concentrate, Fibrinogen Concentrate Factor XIII different concentrations analyze their properties thr...

The colloidal gold test developed almost 35 years ago by Lange (1) has been utilized in studies of cerebrospinal pathology and of liver dysfunction with little more than a general understanding of the basic reasons for the production of the several reaction patterns. Rationalization of the mode of reaction by experimenting with blood protein fractions obtained by the usual salting out methods i...

A simulation technique is described for quantifying the contribution of three-body interactions to the thermodynamical properties of coarse-grained representations of complex fluids. The method is based on a new approach for determining virial coefficients from the measured volume-dependent asymptote of a certain structural function. By comparing the third virial coefficient B3 for a complex fl...