The limited authority that municipalities have over the costs of police and fire personnel is a primary cause fiscal distress in local governments Pennsylvania. This article argues state legislature must amend Act 111 to give uniformed-employee unions equal standing under law. currently inequitable between or firefighters' union government during negotiation arbitration flaw 111. root this lies...

Collective bargaining in Germany takes place at either industry or firm level. Collective bargaining coverage is much higher than union density. The share of employees covered by collective bargaining in a single firm can vary between 0% and 100%. This institutional setup suggests that researchers should explicitly distinguish union density, coverage rate at the firm level, and coverage at the ...

Market power in the hands of a supplier — such as a labor union — affects a firm’s optimal debt policy. If a firm maintains a high level of liquidity, workers may be encouraged to raise wage demands. In the presence of external finance constraints, a firm has an incentive to use the cash flow demands of debt service payments to improve its bargaining position. Using both cross-sectional estimat...

A stable and effective industrial relations system is vital for the economic and social development of any country. It is on this foundation that sustained economic growth with equitable distribution of income, especially to labour, can be achieved. In turn, collective bargaining, which is an integral component of industrial relations, is essential if sustained economic growth is to be achieved...

Current antitrust enforcement policy unduly restricts physician collaboration, especially among small physician practices. Among other matters, current enforcement policy has hindered the ability of physicians to implement efficient healthcare delivery innovations, such as the acquisition and implementation of health information technology (HIT). Furthermore, the Federal Trade Commission and De...