Previous investigations of personality–intelligence relationships have sampled mainly young adults. The present study compared young and older groups in identifying personality predictors of cognitive abilities. A sample of 381 adults was administered the Woodcock–Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities and the Big Five Inventory-44. Participants were separated into three groups: young adults ...

The moderating role of affective-cognitive consistency in the effects of affectively-based and cognitively-based attitudes on consummatory and instrumental behaviors was explored using two experimental studies in the intergroup context. Study 1 revealed that affectively-based attitudes were better predictors than cognitively-based attitudes regardless of affective-cognitive consistency for cons...

background: magnetic resonance imaging (mri) has improved the diagnosis and management of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms). montreal cognitive assessment (moca) is a brief, sensitive test that has been recommended by national institute of neurological diseases and stroke and canadian stroke network (ninds-csn) as a reliable tool to detect mild cognitive impairments. this study aimed to eva...

Insights into neurobiological mechanisms of depression are increasingly being sought via brain imaging studies. Our aim was to quantitatively summarize overlap and divergence in regions of altered brain activation associated with depression under emotionally valenced compared to cognitively demanding task conditions, and with reference to intrinsic functional connectivity. We hypothesized diffe...

Illnesses that cause cognitive impairment are a considerable health problem in the United States. These include Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, cerebrovascular disease, psychiatric disorders, chronic alcoholism, and AIDS dementia complex. Illness associated with cognitive impairment may cause great suffering to the affected patients and their families. Research involving individuals w...

We believe that cognitively modeled robotic systems will be easier to use. Just as humans communicate with one another, facilitated by shared systems (linguistic, social, and cognitive), human-robot interaction can be similarly facilitated. Without cognitive capabilities, communication between a human and a robot is more difficult and it is perhaps subject to failure. Therefore, we have been in...

Background Older adults are a heterogeneous group but generally have a higher peak and longer duration of action from opioids. Monitoring cumulative effects from analgesics is particularly important for older adults [1]. Older adults should be first asked to describe their hurting or pain in their own words. Pain intensity should be measured with a consistent scale, after making sure that the i...

OBJECTIVE The purpose was to describe clinical, cognitive, and personality characteristics at baseline assessment of 249 participants, 19 to 60 years of age, in a multinational longitudinal study of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD). METHOD Participants (74% cognitively normal) were from ADAD families with mutations in 1 of 3 genes (APP, PSEN1, or PSEN2). Mixed model analyses, inc...

Prior investigations have shown measurable performance impairments on continuous physical performance tasks when preceded by a cognitively fatiguing task. However, the effect of cognitive fatigue on bodyweight resistance training exercise task performance is unknown. In the current investigation 18 amateur athletes completed a full body exercise task preceded by either a cognitive fatiguing or ...

The purpose of our ongoing efforts is to investigate the influence of web page design based on text-structure and user prior knowledge for information retrieval on the basis of navigation accuracy, speed, quality and memorization. We hypothesized that cognitively designed web home page may help low prior knowledge students organize their representation of text contents of web page. Two types of...