Porous platinum is of high technological importance due to its various applications in fuel cells, sensors, stimulation electrodes, mechanical actuators and catalysis in general. Based on a discussion of the general principles behind the reduction of platinum salts and corresponding deposition processes this article discusses techniques available for platinum electrode fabrication. The numerous...

Platinum electrodes are commonly used electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) in fuel cells. However, this material is not economical due to its high cost and scarcity. We prepared an Mn(III) catalyst supported on graphene and further coated with polydopamine, resulting in superior ORR activity compared to the uncoated PDA structures. During ORR, a peak potential at 0.433 V was re...

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of infection and trauma on the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion cells following per-scalar cochlear electrode implantations in cats. The results showed that the incidence of infection with a per-scalar electrode inserted through an opening made directly into the apical and middle turns is low, provided the procedure is carried out aseptically...

A new wire-coated silver ion-selective electrode with a wider concentration range (10(-7) M - 10(-1) M) was developed using 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) as a neutral ionophore. An optimum mixture of PVC, ionophore, dioctylphtalate (DOP) as a plasticizer and sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) as an ion-pairing agent was used in preparing the coatings. The effect of various parameters, such as the...

Five iron porphyrins with different superstructures were immobilized on self-assembled-monolayer (SAM)-coated interdigitated-array (IDAs) gold-platinum electrodes. The selectivity of the catalysts i.e., limited formation of partially reduced oxygen species (PROS) in the electrocatalytic reduction of dioxygen, is a function of 2 rates: (i) the rate of electron transfer from the electrode to the ...

A novel membrane coated platinum-wire electrode (MCPWE) based on N,N'-bis(2-thienylmethylene)-1,2-diaminobenzene (BTMD) for highly selective determination of Ag+ ion has been developed. The influences of membrane composition and pH on the potentiometric responses of electrode were investigated. The potentiometric responses are independent of the pH of the test solution in the range of 5.0 - 9.0...

We deposit Pt particles electrochemically on an electrode covered with a Nafion membrane. Platinum ions travel through the hydrophilic channels of the membrane, and platinum deposits are formed at the place where the channels make contact with the planar electrode. This procedure deposits the catalyst only at the end of the hydrophilic channels that cross the membrane; no catalyst is placed und...

In the present study, a new gas diffusion electrode (GDE) (based on Pt/Nafion membrane) is fabricated. The electrochemical results show that the new GDE has the highest electrochemical activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) among the three electrodes. The SEM and XRD findings show that a platinum layer can be attached to Nafion membrane closely and firmly with a strong peak corresp...