Sand fly and Leishmania are one of the best studied vector-parasite models. Much is known about the development of these parasites within the sand fly, and how transmission to a suitable vertebrate host takes place. Various molecules secreted by the vector assist the establishment of the infection in a vertebrate, and changes to the vector are promoted by the parasites in order to facilitate or...

In shallow coastal systems where most of the seafloor lies within the photic zone, benthic photoautotrophy plays a key role in regulating nutrient cycling. In these systems, production of submerged vascular plants (seagrasses), macroalgae and benthic microalgae is high and typically exceeds that of phytoplankton (Borum and Sand Jensen 1996). Changes in the patterns of primary production as well...

The land crab Gecarcinus quadratus is an engineering species that controls nutrient cycling in tropical forests. Factors regulating their coastal distribution are not fully understood. We quantified land crab distribution during the dry season at Sirena Field Station in Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica, and found that land crab burrow density decreases with increasing distance from the ocean...

Hinwood, J.B. and McLean, E.J., 2000. Monitoring and modelling tidal regime changes following inlet scour. Journal of Coastal Research. Royal Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN J. Coastal Research, Special Publn. 34, pp 449-458, 2001 Entrance closure has been identified by the local coastal communities as one of the more important management problems for the small barrier estuaries. The paper describes...

Although many different erosion processes affect the coastal area of South Iran, wind caused erosion, considered a restrictive factor in human activities, makes one of the more common landscapes of the coastal strip. Therefore the recognition of wind caused erosion and its result is inevitable to conduct an effective coastal management. This study discusses the littoral geomorphologic shape of ...

This is the first study to describe distribution and speciation of Hg in coastal sediments from the central east coast of India. The concentrations of Hg in the studied sediments were found to be much lower than the Hg concentration recommended in coastal sediments by the United State Environmental Protection Agency and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment for the protection of ...

[1] The 26 December 2004 tsunami caused widespread destruction and contamination of coastal aquifers across southern Asia. Seawater filled domestic open dug wells and also entered the aquifers via direct infiltration during the first flooding waves and later as ponded seawater infiltrated through the permeable sands that are typical of coastal aquifers. In Sri Lanka alone, it is estimated that ...