A-76-year old woman was admitted to the hospital with paraplegia after a collapse at home. Magnetic resonance imaging showed white matter lesions from Th4 to L2 as well as large confluent white matter lesions in the cerebrum. Within 3 days, the patient's mental status decreased dramatically and she finally died on day 16 after her fall. Autopsy examination revealed an acute myeloid leukemia, wh...

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare idiopathic and lymphoproliferative disorder. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is infrequent and typically manifests as an isolated lesion. In this article, we describe an unusual case of RDD with multiple lesions in the CNS, upper respiratory tract and lymph nodes. A literature review revealed 45 cases (including the one described herein) of systemi...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS), a multisystemic disease induced by exposure to L-tryptophan, may result in serious CNS abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of neurologic characteristics, MR imaging abnormalities, and brain neurometabolites in EMS. METHODS Sixteen patients with EMS and CNS abnormalities (CNS-EMS) and 12 control subje...

Clearance of HIV and SIV from the peripheral blood by the cellular immune system lessens the viral burden in infectedindividuals and may have an impact on virus infectionof the CNS and the development of CNS lesions. However, the role of immune responses in preventing or limiting CNS infection has not been clearlydeŽned.We investigatedthe role of natural killer cells in the outcome of SIV infec...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease, the etiology of which has yet to be clarified, which causes activation of proinflammatory pathways that bring about joint and systemic inflammation. In recent years, the pathophysiology of CNS involvement that can occur in RA has attracted a great deal of attention. Emphasis has focused on the possibility that CNS involvement occurs due to bl...

To the Editor: A number of epidemiologic studies have confirmed the importance of postnatal insults as a cause of epilepsy.1 Neuroimaging has been an increasingly important diagnostic tool, and it has been stated that the demonstration of “epileptogenic lesions” strongly supports the diagnosis of epilepsy in these individuals.2 The article by Benbadis et al. is a timely reminder of the pitfalls...

Neuroimaging constitutes an important component in the diagnosis of the underlying infectious agents in central nervous system (CNS) infections. Despite the recent advances in neuroimaging evaluation, the diagnosis of unclear infectious CNS diseases remains a challenge. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used in routine practice to identify abnormal areas involved in CNS infection...

Behcet’s disease is a multisystem disease characterized clinically by oral aphthae and occasionally by genital aphthae, cutaneous lesions such as pustular vasculitis, sweet syndrome-like, pyoderma gangrenosum-like and erythema nodosum-like lesions and variably present systemic features such as synovitis, anterior and posterior uveitis, meningoencephalitis and large vessel smaller vessel vascula...

Sir, We read with great interest the case report by Ahuja et al of a child, 6 weeks old, with multiple giant congenital melanocytic nevi and central nervous system melanosis. Neurocutaneous melanosis has been reported to manifest itself most commonly within the first two years of life and children with this entity have been born as still births or have been reported at as early as one month of ...

Tumors of the Central nervous System (CNS) are a spectrum neoplasms that range from benign lesions to highly malignant and aggressive lesions. Despite multimodal treatment approaches, morbidity mortality high with dismal survival outcomes in these tumors. Moreover, non-specificity conventional treatments substantiates rationale for precise therapeutic strategies selectively target infiltrating ...