The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures at a Level I trauma center. Data were analyzed to identify risk factors associated with closed reduction failure. Closed pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures that were treated at the authors' trauma center between October 1997 and January 2009 were reviewed. The main outcome variable was necess...

A. Reduction-closed barbed congruence (Section II) Definition 28 (Reduction-closed barbed congruence). Let L be a process calculus, in which a reduction relation −→L and barb predicates ↓a , for each a in a given set of names, have been defined. A relationR on the processes of L is context-closed if PRQ implies C[P ]RC[Q], for each context C of L; the relation is barb-preserving if for any name...