We report on the discovery of spider-hunting wasp Trypoxylon petiolatum (Crabronidae) nesting in three localities Province Girona (Catalonia, NE Spain) 2019 and 2021. This species is native to eastern Asia has not previously been reported from Europe. provide a detailed description species, as well information its nest architecture, cocoon shape, identity spiders captured provision nests, morta...

Background: Due to its nutrient content, a variety of spoilage microorganisms can grow in bee pollen, especially when handling practices are not appropriate. So, this survey was designed to assess the physicochemical and microbiological properties of bee pollen collected from Bulgaria. Methods: In June 2014, 13 fresh and 19 dried bee pollen samples were collected from Bulgaria. Water activity ...

The potency of various bee antigens including bee venom, several whole bee body extracts and fractions of bee venom was studied using the RAST inhibition method. As compared to whole bee body extract, bee venom was a much more potent inhibitor of both bee venom and whole body RAST, suggesting that venom has a greater capacity to bind specific bee IgE antibodies. Whole body extracts also varied ...

acute bee paralysis virus (abpv) is a small single stranded rna virus recently classified within the family dicistroviridae, genus cripavirus. here, we describe the first study of abpv in unhealthy bee colonies, which has been an unusual loss in adult bee population and significant honey bee mortality during the year. the aim of this study was evaluation of abpv infection in honey bee colonies ...

abstract— in this paper we have tried to develop an altered version of the artificial bee colony algorithm which is inspired from and combined with the meta-heuristic algorithm of firefly. in this method, we have tried to change the main equation of searching within the original abc algorithm. on this basis, a new combined equation was used for steps of employed bees and onlooker bees. for this...

abstrac:    in recent years, honey bee products other than just honey such as pollen, propolis, waxes and venoms have gained considerable attention. hive is the most important tool in honey bee industry, the proper construction of which could play a key role in improving honey bee production.  since 1382, investigations have been done on hives made inside the country to eliminate deficiencies s...

Background and Aims: Currently, many efforts are directed toward functional Hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatment. This is achievable by suppression of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) secretion. In this regard, use of natural products has been the areas of interest by scientific communities. Materials and Methods: Dried Honey Bee venom was extracted for assessing its anti-HBsAg secretion potential. He...

Urban bee ecology is an emerging field that holds promise for advancing knowledge of bee community dynamics and promoting bee conservation. Published studies of bee communities in urban and suburban habitats are fewer than those documenting bees in agricultural and wildland settings. As land lost to urbanization is predicted to increase in coming years the necessity of studying urban bee popula...