It is conjectured that given positive integers l, m, n with l−1 + m−1 + n−1 < 1 and an integer g > 0, the triangle group ∆ = ∆(l,m, n) = 〈X,Y,Z|X l = Y m = Z = XY Z = 1〉 contains infinitely many subgroups of finite index and of genus g. A slightly stronger version of this conjecture is as follows: given positive integers l, m, n with l−1 + m−1 + n−1 < 1 and an integer g > 0, there are infinitel...

A domain in a Langmuir monolayer can be expected to have a shape that reflects the textural anisotropy of the material it contains. This paper explores the consequences of XY-like ordering. It is found that an extension of the Wulff construction allows for the calculation of two-dimensional domain shapes when each segment of the perimeter has an energy that depends both on its orientation and i...

This paper gives an overview of the NTCIR-5 Cross-Lingual Question Answering Task (CLQA1), an evaluation campaign for Cross-Lingual Question Answering technology. This evaluation was carried out in June 2005. In CLQA1, we aimed to promote research on cross-lingual Question Answering technology mainly for East Asian languages. As the first attempt, we conducted evaluations of five subtasks: JE, ...

We report the design, fabrication and electromechanical performance of a newly developed micro electromechanical XYscanner for micro-optical spatial light modulation using the silicon micromachining technology. A two-dimensional stage is integrated with a silicon micro lens to scan a transmitting infrared light of 1.55-micronwavelength by the mechanism of the f -θ lens scanner. Mechanical displ...

Although the classical dividend discount model (DDM) is a wellknown and widely used model in evaluating the intrinsic price of common stock, the practical pattern of dividends, required rate of return or growth rate of dividend do not generally coincide with any of the model’s assumptions. It is just the opportunity to develop a fuzzy logic system that takes these vague parameters into account....

We discuss the dynamics of the Ising model as a computational mesoscopic system. The simplicity of the Ising model allows a Hamiltonian dynamics to be developed from renormalization group theory considerations for the model which is not overly complicated and preserves a close connection with thermodynamics. At the same time, the additional structure gives the potential for application to neura...

to use soil hydrology processes (shp) models, which have increasingly extended during the last years, comprehensive knowledge about these models and their modeling approaches seems to be necessary. the modeling approaches can be categorized as either classical or non-classical. classical approaches mainly model the shp through solving the general unsaturated flow (richards) equation, numericall...

We discuss the critical behaviour of 2D Ising and q−states Potts models coupled by their energy density. We found new tricritical points. The procedure employed is the renormalisation approach of the perturbations series around conformal field theories representing pure models as already used for disordered spins models. This analysis could be useful to understand the physics of coupled critica...

In this paper, we prove that every metric line in the Poincare ball model of hyperbolic geometry is exactly a classical line of itself. We also proved nonexistence of periodic lines in the Poincare ball model of hyperbolic geometry.

The classical method of process capability analysis necessarily assumes that collected data are independent; nonetheless, some processes such as biological and chemical processes are autocorrelated and violate the independency assumption. Many processes exhibit a certain degree of correlation and can be treated by autoregressive models, among which the autoregressive model of order one (AR (1))...