This multicenter study compared the efficacy and safety of citalopram and placebo in a population of moderately to severely depressed patients with melancholia. This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study compared citalopram (flexible dose; 20-80 mg/day) with placebo in 180 psychiatric outpatients with a DSM-III diagnosis of major depression or bipolar disorder, depressed, who also met ...

The present randomized, double blind, parallel group, controlled, multi-centric trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram in comparison with citalopram and sertraline in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Outpatients (N=214) with an ongoing/newly diagnosed ICD-10 major depressive episode and a Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) score of > 18...

objective: depression is a major health problem, which is not only underrecognized and undertreated, but is also associated with significant morbidity and mortality. it has been suggested that combination therapy rapidly reduces depressive symptoms in patients with moderate to severe depression and is more effective than monotherapy; but this suggestion remains controversial. serotonergic and n...

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and tolerability of citalopram when compared to other antidepressants for late-life depression (LLD). METHODS We searched electronic databases and trial registries to identify randomized controlled trials comparing citalopram to other antidepressants for LLD. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool. We summarized the ef...

Patients with schizophrenia often have anxiety and depression, and thus are treated with multiple psychotherapeutic medications. This practice of polypharmacy increases the possibility for drug-drug interactions. However, the pharmacological and behavioral mechanisms underlying drug-drug interactions in schizophrenia remain poorly understood. In the present study, we adopted a preclinical appro...

Clinical trials have shown better efficacy of escitalopram over citalopram, and review-based economic models the cost-effectiveness of escitalopram vs. citalopram (brand and generic). No head-to-head clinical trial has, however, evaluated the cost-effectiveness of both drugs so far. The aim of this study was to assess the relative cost-effectiveness of escitalopram compared with citalopram in p...

The 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine, serotonin) transporter (SERT) mediates the reuptake of 5-HT from the synaptic cleft into the neuron, and inhibition of this uptake is the target of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Escitalopram (S-citalopram) is the most selective SSRI available, whereas the other enantiomer, R-citalopram, is approximately 30-40 times less potent than the S-enantio...

We describe the case of a 34 year-old man with diagnosis of migraine with and without aura that developed myopia and acute glaucoma after 7 days of treatment with topiramate. The patient had also been taking citalopram daily for two months. Both topiramate and citalopram have been related to the increase of intraocular pressure and the development of glaucoma. We can't exclude that in this pati...

Citalopram represents a very selective drug inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin 3,400 times more than that of norepinephrine (Hiemke & Härter 2000). It has almost no affinity for acetylcholine, histamine, norepinephrine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) or opiate receptors (Hiemke & Härter 2000). In a dose range of 20 to 60 mg/day citalopram has proven to be an effective agent in depressio...

objective: the fact that some antidepressants with strong effects on serotonin reuptake blockade fail to relieve obsessive-compulsive symptoms has caused growing interest in investigating noradrenergic function in obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) . in light of the above, we undertook a trial to investigate whether the combination of citalopram with nortriptyline is more effective in treating...