This paper presents a portable optical measurement system for capturing continuous key motion on any piano. Very few concert venues have MIDI-enabled pianos, and many performers depend on the versatile but discontinued Moog PianoBar to provide MIDI from a conventional acoustic instrument. The scanner hardware presented in this paper addresses the growing need for alternative solutions while sur...

The relationship between the key depression force on an upright piano and the level of loudness of a generated tone was examined when pianists hit a force-sensor built-in key with "struck" or "pressed" type of touch. The vertical displacement of the key, and the radiated piano sounds were also recorded. It was found that for both types of touch, simple exponential functions could adequately des...

In this paper, we propose a musical onset detection method, with reference to polyphonic piano music. This method operates on a frame-by-frame basis and exploits a suitable time-frequency representation of the audio signal. The solution proposed consists of an onset detection algorithm based on Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). To validate this met...

The \commuted piano synthesis" algorithm is described, based on a simpli ed acoustic model of the piano. The model includes multiple coupled strings, a nonlinear hammer, and an arbitrarily large soundboard and enclosure. Simpli cations are employed which greatly reduce computational complexity. Most of the simpli cations are made possible by the commutativity of linear, time-invariant systems. ...

This paper presents our system for transcription of polyphonic piano music – SONIC. SONIC takes an audio signal of a piano performance and tries to determine which notes were played by the performer, thus producing a list of notes and note onset times approximately matching the performance. SONIC is composed of three main parts: partial extractor, onset detector and note recognizer. We present ...

In this paper, we propose a musical onset detection method, with reference to polyphonic piano music. The solution proposed consists of an onset detection algorithm based on Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). This method operates on a frame-by-frame basis and exploits a suitable binary time-frequency representation of the audio signal. To validate t...

The thin plate is a key structure in various musical instruments, including many percussion instruments and the soundboard of the piano, and also is the mechanism underlying electromechanical plate reverberation. As such, it is a suitable candidate for physical modelling approaches to audio effects and sound synthesis, such as finite difference methods—though great attention must be paid to the...

This paper describes the design and implementation of an augmented reality (AR) piano learning tool that uses a Microsoft HoloLens and a MIDI-over-Bluetooth-enabled electric piano. The tool presents a unique visual interface—a “mirror key overlay” approach—fitted for the AR environment, and opens up the possibility of on-instrument learning experiences. The curriculum focuses on teaching improv...