background and aims: viral hepatitis is a global health problem with a high mortality rate. recently, a new flavi-like virus, provisionally named hepatitis g virus (hgv), has been described. hgv does not induce an immune response that is consistently detectable by using recombinant proteins from prokaryotic expression, therefore studies have been conducted by using polymerase chain reaction (pc...

aim : to investigate if hepatic iron content influences the response to therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis c or b. background : it seems that the presence of elevated body iron stores and, in particular, elevated hepatic iron levels, is one of the strongest predictors of resistance to interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis c or b. patients and methods : two hundred and one patients ...

conclusions we introduced an anti-hbsp antibodies elisa, designed for locally circulating hbv strains. correlation observed of anti-hbsp with liver fibrosis staging regardless of viral replication and liver inflammation suggests anti-hbsp antibodies as possible indicator for hbv-associated liver fibrosis. results seven out of eighty (9%) chb patients were positive for anti-hbsp antibodies. mean...

Introduction: Hepatitis B and C are major health problems in many countries, especially developing areas. The frequency of hepatitis B is less than 0.8%, and chronic hepatitis C is less than 0.5% in the general population of Yazd in the center of Iran. Large vehicle drivers have some risk factors for acquiring hepatitis B and C infection. This is important because viral hepatitis complications,...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE The recent discovery of a novel parenterally transmitted, unenveloped, single-stranded DNA virus called TT virus (TTV) in chronic hepatitis patients with unclear pathogenesis throughout the world led us to investigate, its presence in chronic hepatitis patients attending a hospital in New Delhi, India, and to evaluate its role in liver disease. METHODS TT virus DNA was ...

Background & Aims: Hepatitis B infection is a global health problem. Hepatitis B virus can escape from the innate immune system, however adaptive immune system mainly acts against it. Transforming growth factor (TGF-) has three isoforms in mammals. Several studies have recently shown that TGF-1 suppresses replication of hepatitis B virus. Moreover, high expression of this factor is effective in...

hepatitis b, as a chronic disorder that may be associated with several psychiatric disorders, such as depression, and decrease quality of life of affected patients. one of the most important consequences of psychiatric problems is reduced patient compliance with prolonged therapeutic regimens. psychotherapy, such as solution– focused therapy, may help these patients to resolve psychiatric probl...

The occurrence of depression is higher in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) than that in the general population. The mechanism described in previous studies mainly focused on inflammation and stress, which not only exists in CLD, but also emerges in common chronic diseases, leaving the specific mechanism unknown. This review was to summarize the prevalence and risk factors of depression...