Garlic (Allium sativum) is propagated asexually. Since sexual cross breeding is almost impossible, means for effective breeding are not currently available and the available production cultivars are seriously aged and degenerated. A possible alternative for breeding is chemical induction. Trifluralin, a type of herbicide, has been reported to provoke chromosome doubling. However, this che...

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs, also known as microsatellites) are known to be mutational hotspots in genomes. DNA rearrangements have also been reported to accompany allopolyploidization. A study of the effect of allopolyploidization on SSR mutation is therefore important for understanding the origin and evolutionary dynamics of SSRs in allopolyploids. Three synthesized double haploid (SynDH) p...

Doubled haploid (DH) populations are useful to scientists and breeders in both crop improvement and basic research. Current methods of producing DHs usually need in vitro culture for extracting haploids and chemical treatment for chromosome doubling. This report describes a simple method for synthesizing DHs (SynDH) especially for allopolyploid species by utilizing meiotic restitution genes. Th...

The planarian Dugesia benazzii presents a diploid biotype which is synaptic and amphimictic and two polyploid biotypes which are characterized either i) by asynapsis in the female line or ii) by chromosome set doubling in the synaptic oocytes. Asynapsis and chromosome set doubling are characters controlled by multifactorial mechanisms. It has been suggested that these factors are also present i...

A new compound, Surflan (Surflan), for mitotic polyploidization in vitro in lily was tested and compared with the original compound ‘oryzalin’. Surflan was effective for mitotic polyploidization of lilies. The optimal concentration of Surflan was 0.0075% for in vitro chromosome doubling. A low concentration (0.0025%) was still effective to produce polyploid plants, however, a high concentration...

Cnidium officinale is an important medicinal crop grown in Asia for its pharmacological properties. In this study, tetraploid breeding was conducted to increases the content of compound and tolerance environmental conditions using vitro shoot culture C. officinale. For this, we generated plants oryzalin, a chromosome doubling agent, compared morphological traits, cytological characteristics, he...

Introduction: Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma with a doubling time of 25 hours. It is characterized by a MYC gene coding alteration which results from a translocation of chromosome 8 on the MYC gene locus and immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus (IGH) on chromosome 14. Even though HIV infection is associated to an increased risk of Burkitt lymphoma, th...