Both the World Health Organization and the International Obesity Task Force have classified the prevalence of obesity as a global epidemic. The primary causes of obesity are sedentary lifestyles and high-fat diets. Such diets are preferred due to their high palatability. Fats are broken down into free fatty acids, such as linoleic and oleic acids. In order to determine the neural pathway respon...

Lyall V, Phan T-HT, Mummalaneni S, Melone P, Mahavadi S, Murthy KS, DeSimone JA. Regulation of the benzamil-insensitive salt taste receptor by intracellular Ca , protein kinase C, and calcineurin. J Neurophysiol 102: 1591–1605, 2009. First published June 24, 2009; doi:10.1152/jn.91301.2008. The regulation of the benzamil (Bz)-insensitive salt taste receptor was investigated by intracellular Ca ...

The radiographic appearance of the petrotympanic fissure, through whic h the chorda tympani nerve exits the tympanic cavity, is familiar to radiologists as a normal struc ture, not to be mistaken for a frac ture of the anterior wall of the external auditory canal [1, 2). However, th e rad iographic demonstration of the canaliculus chordae tympan i, the bony canal which transmits the chorda tymp...

CHEST, 79: 1, JANUARY, 1981 IMAGING OF SUPRACARDIAC TOTAL ANOMALOUS PULMONARY VENOUS DRAINAGE 113 patient was one of acute ventricular failure with severe right upper abdominal quadrant pain due to liver distention, ascites, and edema. We suspect that the primary event was acute detachment of the semicircular suture, producing tricuspid regurgitation, acute right ventricular distention, increas...

Cuff electrodes with headcap connectors were implanted around the rat chorda tympani nerve. Whole nerve recordings under anesthesia were made from these nerves every week to chemical, thermal and tactile stimuli applied to the anterior tongue. The signal/noise ratio of these recordings was similar to acute recordings from the chorda tympani nerve, and the nerves were spontaneously active. Respo...

The whole course of the chorda tympani nerve, nerve of pterygoid canal, and facial nerves and their relationships with surrounding structures are complex. After reviewing the literature, it was found that details of the whole course of these deep nerves are rarely reported and specimens displaying these nerves are rarely seen in the dissecting room, anatomical museum, or atlases. Dissections we...

Background Although the utility of laser fiber in microscopic stapes surgery has been documented past, their role can be highly emphasized endoscopic surgery, especially difficult anatomical situations. Methods This is a retrospective analysis cases where total 46 patients (22 conventional stapedotomy and 24 CO2 laser-assisted stapedotomy) were included study. The clinical parameters assessed b...

Most fungiform taste buds fail to become innervated when BDNF or NT4 is overexpressed in the basal layer of tongue epithelium. Here, we examined when and how overexpression of BDNF and NT4 disrupt innervation to fungiform papillae. Overexpression of either factor disrupted chorda tympani innervation patterns either before or during the initial innervation of fungiform papillae. NT4 and BDNF ove...