List coloring generalizes graph coloring by requiring the color of a vertex to be selected from a list of colors specific to that vertex. One refinement of list coloring, called choosability with separation, requires that the intersection of adjacent lists is sufficiently small. We introduce a new refinement, called choosability with union separation, where we require that the union of adjacent...

We study choosability with separation which is a constrained version of list coloring of graphs. A (k, d)-list assignment L of a graph G is a function that assigns to each vertex v a list L(v) of at least k colors and for any adjacent pair xy, the lists L(x) and L(y) share at most d colors. A graph G is (k, d)-choosable if there exists an L-coloring of G for every (k, d)-list assignment L. This...