نتایج جستجو برای: cholinergic antagonists
تعداد نتایج: 68579 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The striatum is the largest nucleus of the basal ganglia and is crucially involved in action selection and reward processing. Cortical and thalamic inputs to the striatum are processed by local networks in which several classes of interneurons play an important, but still poorly understood role. Here we investigated the interactions between cholinergic and low-threshold spike (LTS) interneurons...
BACKGROUND : Cholinergic urticaria is uncommon and accounts for 10% of all young adults. To date, there is no effective therapy for cholinergic urticaria. OBJECTIVE : To determine the therapeutic efficacy of different drug combinations in the treatment of cholinergic urticaria. PATIENTS AND METHODS : The participants included in the study are in the age range of 16 to 29 years, with choline...
In several preparations, electric parameters of axon and (or) Schwann cell may be affected by cholinergic ligands [1 4]. It has also been demonstrated that axonal membranes contain binding sites for a variety of cholinergic ligands [5 7]. Visualization of these binding sites proved possible by the use of a conjugate of a-bungarotoxin and horseradish peroxidase [8,9]. An important question that ...
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a disorder that causes degeneration of the cells in brain and it main cause dementia, which characterized by decline Independence an individual’s daily activities. AD considered multifactorial disease. Two hypotheses have been proposed as AD. The cholinergic hypothesis amyloid hypothesis. In addition, several risk factors implicated this disease, including aging, gen...
The central cholinergic system has been implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. An imbalance in central cholinergic neurotransmitter activity has been proposed to contribute to the manic and depressive episodes typical of these disorders. Neuropharmacological studies into the effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on mood state have provided considerable support for this h...
BACKGROUND Cocaine increases the level of endogenous dopamine (DA) in the striatum by blocking the DA transporter. Endogenous DA modulates glutamatergic inputs to striatal neurons and this modulation influences motor activity. Since D2 DA and A2A-adenosine receptors (A2A-Rs) have antagonistic effects on striatal neurons, drugs targeting adenosine receptors such as caffeine-like compounds, could...
introduction: kisspeptin-13 (kp-13) is a novel endogenous factor, increases synaptic transmission and is involved in several behavioral functions such as anxiety, locomotion, epilepsy and avoidance learning. however, the role of this peptide on cognition has not been well clarified yet. here we studied the effect of kisspeptin-13 pretreatment on spatial learning and also interaction with cholin...
Single cholinergic receptor channel currents activated by curare were recorded in tissue-cultured embryonic rat muscle, directly confirming curare's action as a weak cholinergic agonist. In embryonic muscle, curare, in addition to its classical action as a competitive cholinergic antagonist, produces small sustained depolarizations which can be blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin. The single-channel ...
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