Radiation inactivation analysis was employed to determine the functional masses of enzymatic activity and proton translocation of H(+)-pyrophosphatase from submitochondrial particles of etiolated mung bean seedlings. The activities of H(+)-pyrophosphatase decayed as a simple exponential function with respect to radiation dosage. D(37) values of 6.9+/-0.3 and 7.5+/-0.5 Mrad were obtained for pyr...

Citation: Eisenhut M (2017) Commentary: Cytokine-Regulation of Na+-K+-Cl− Cotransporter 1 and Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator-Potential Role in Pulmonary Inflammation and Edema Formation. Front. Immunol. 8:1490. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01490 Commentary: Cytokine-regulation of na+-K+-Cl− Cotransporter 1 and Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane Conductance regulator-Potential role in...

The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa possesses two nonhomologous high-affinity phosphate permeases, PHO-4 and PHO-5. We have isolated separate null mutants of these permeases, allowing us to study the remaining active transporter in vivo in terms of phosphate uptake and sensitivity to inhibitors. The specificity for the cotransported cation differs for PHO-4 and PHO-5, suggesting that these...

We argue that eleven dimensional supergravity can be described by a non-linear real-isation based on the group E 11. This requires a formulation of eleven dimensional super-gravity in which the gravitational degrees of freedom are described by two fields which are related by duality. We show the existence of such a description of gravity.

We consider a theory in which supersymmetry is partially spontaneously broken and show that the dynamical fields in the same supersymmetric multiplet as the Goldstino are Gold-stone bosons whose corresponding generators are central charges in the underlying super-symmetry algebra. We illustrate how this works for four dimensional Born-Infeld theory and five brane of M theory. We conjecture, wit...

The electric field of dissolved ions accounts for the narrow spike at zero frequency shift, with the polarization signature of a polar longitudinal collective mode, in the high resolution hyper-Rayleigh light scattering (HRS) spectrum for liquid water and other polar solvents. This peak in the HRS spectrum probes both the structure factor and the fluctuation time for the ion charge density in s...

The electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe1 (SLC4A4) is a robust regulator of intracellular H(+) and a significant base carrier in many cell types. Using wild-type (WT) and NBCe1-deficient (NBC-KO) mice, we have studied the role of NBCe1 in cortical astrocytes in culture and in situ by monitoring intracellular H(+) using the H(+)-sensitive dye BCECF [2',7'-bis-(carboxyethyl)-5-(and-...

Applying vacuole-perfusion and plasma membrane permeabilization techniques to internodal cells of Chara, we analyzed the requirement of Cl- for the action of cycloprodigiosin (cPrG) to inhibit vacuole acidification in situ. By combining the two techniques, the Cl- concentration on both sides of the tonoplast could be controlled. In permeabilized cell fragments lacking Cl- in the vacuole, the in...

The voltage dependence of the rat renal type II Na+/Pi cotransporter (NaPi-2) was investigated by expressing NaPi-2 in Xenopus laevis oocytes and applying the two-electrode voltage clamp. In the steady state, superfusion with inorganic phosphate (Pi) induced inward currents (Ip) in the presence of 96 mM Na+ over the potential range -140 </= V </= +40 mV. With Pi as the variable substrate, the a...