Background. The game of chess, which is viewed as a symbol of intellectual prowess, is a valuable educational tool which can improve cognitive behavior such as thinking models, etc.; but the effects of thinking strategy such as double thinking strategies (DTS) and lateral thinking strategies (LTS) on the chess performance is not investigated. Objectives. This study aimed to measure the effects...

A set of experiments for learning the values of chess pieces is described for the popular chess variants Crazyhouse Chess, Suicide Chess, and Atomic Chess. We follow an established methodology that relies on reinforcement learning from self-games. We attempt to learn piece values and the piecesquare tables for three chess variants. The piece values arrived at, are quite different from those of ...

Historical Background Chess has long served as a model task environment (Drosophila-fruit fly) for research into psychological processes (Charness, 1992). Some of the earliest 1946/1965) took place in the domain of chess. Cleveland (1907) was one of the first to identify the importance of complex units, now called chunks, in skilled play, and speculated that intellectual abilities might be ...

Strategic Behavior across Gender: A Comparison of Female and Male Expert Chess Players This paper aims to measure differences in risk behavior among expert chess players. The study employs a panel data set on international chess with 1.4 million games recorded over a period of 11 years. The structure of the data set allows us to use individual fixed-effect estimations to control for aspects suc...

Expert and intermediate chess players attempted to choose the best move in five chess positions while their eye movements were monitored. Experts were faster and more accurate than intermediates in choosing the best move. Experts made fewer fixations per trial and greater amplitude saccades than did intermediates, but there was no difference in fixation duration across skill groups. Examining t...

The extent to which the acquisition of expertise in knowledge-rich domains, such as chess, can be influenced by general individual characteristics, such as intelligence, has remained unclear. Some previous studies with children have documented significant correlations between chess skill and performance on some psychometric tests, such as performance IQ. However, we found no evidence for a corr...

Expertise in a certain stimulus domain enhances perceptual capabilities. In the present article, the authors investigate whether expertise improves perceptual processing to an extent that allows complex visual stimuli to bias behavior unconsciously. Expert chess players judged whether a target chess configuration entailed a checking configuration. These displays were preceded by masked prime co...

The respective roles of knowledge and search have received considerable attention in the literature on expertise. However, most of the evidence on knowledge has been indirect--e.g., by inferring the presence of chunks in long-term memory from performance in memory recall tasks. Here we provide direct estimates of the amount of monochrestic (single use) and rote knowledge held by chess players o...

In this paper we describe a set of experiments for learning a the values of chess pieces for the popular chess variants crazyhouse, suicide, and atomic chess. We follow an established methodology that relies on reinforcement learning from self-games to learn piece values and piece-square tables for these chess variants. The learned piece values are quite different from those of standard chess, ...

The game of chess has often been used for psychological investigations, particularly in cognitive science. The clear-cut rules and well-defined environment of chess provide a model for investigations of basic cognitive processes, such as perception, memory, and problem solving, while the precise rating system for the measurement of skill has enabled investigations of individual differences and ...