Clinical trials have suggested that retinoid chemoprevention prevents the development of second primary tumors following head and neck or non-small-cell lung cancer. The findings of these initial studies are now being evaluated in large multi-institution chemoprevention trials. If successful, these ongoing trials will establish the clinical role of retinoids in lung cancer prevention. The findi...

BACKGROUND: External factors such as diet and lifestyle may be important in the etiology of invasive prostate cancer. Specific features of prostate cancer, including high prevalence, long latency, and significant mortality and morbidity, provide the opportunities for chemoprevention. METHODS: The authors examine the experimental and epidemiological data demonstrating the chemopreventive activit...

Oral cancer is one of the major global threats to public health. The development of oral cancer is a tobacco-related multistep and multifocal process involving field cancerization and carcinogenesis. As, curative therapy available for oral cancer often results in debilitating changes in appearance, speech, swallowing and breathing, preventive strategies are desirable. Chemoprevention , is the u...

Epithelial cancers in the lung and head and neck are a devastating group of diseases which account for approximately 35% of cancer deaths in the United States. Chemoprevention is a new strategy to block or reverse the carcinogenic process. Biological concepts including field carcinogenesis and multistep carcinogenesis strongly support the rationale for using chemopreventive approaches. Our grou...

BACKGROUND Nonmelanoma skin cancers are the most frequent malignancies in organ transplant patients. Patients who develop multiple new skin cancers may benefit from retinoid chemoprevention. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to advise on the use of retinoids in organ transplant recipients. METHODS A summary was performed of the existing literature regarding experience with retinoid ...

The objective of this paper was to review the strategies for lung cancer chemoprevention. A retrospective assessment of the major findings from the most informative lung cancer chemoprevention clinical trials [alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), beta-carotene trial and beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial] was employed. Both trials and many others showed no benefit from what was once the prime ca...

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention, previously known as intermittent preventive treatment in children, is highly effective in areas with a short malaria transmission season. Here we assess seasonality in malaria incidence data and define a predictor of seasonality based on rainfall. We then use spatial rainfall, malaria endemicity and population data to identify areas likely to have highly season...

Epithelial cancers in the lung and head and neck are a devastating group of diseases which account for approximately 35% of cancer deaths in the United States. Chemoprevention is a new strategy to block or reverse the carcinogenic process. Biological concepts including field carcinogenesis and multistep carcinogenesis strongly support the rationale for using chemopreventive approaches. Our grou...

A systematic review of the literature on the surveillance of workers at presumed increased risk for respiratory cancer because of their exposure to asbestos revealed surveillance programs at the national, population, industrial, and factory (workplace) levels. Furthermore, 3 randomized chemoprevention trials involving workers exposed to asbestos were found. The nationwide programs to survey pro...

Despite the intense cancer research carried out in the last 30 years, cancer therapy has not managed to decrease cancer mortality. We need new strategies to control a disease that kills over six million people worldwide every year. It is accepted that cancer chemoprevention (the use of chemicals to prevent, stop, or reverse the process of carcinogenesis) is an essential approach to controlling ...