Nanocomposites containing soft and hard magnetic phases have attracted immense attention for energy-related and biomedical applications. With exchange coupling between nanoscale grains in the composites, magnetization of the soft magnetic phase can rotate coherently with that of the hard magnetic phase. In particular, good control of the soft and hard phases at the nanoscale in the composites i...

Measurement of exchange rates between water and NH protons by magnetization transfer methods is often complicated by artifacts, such as intramolecular NOEs, and/or TOCSY transfer from C alpha protons coincident with the water frequency, or exchange-relayed NOEs from fast exchanging hydroxyl or amine protons. By applying the Phase-Modulated CLEAN chemical EXchange (CLEANEX-PM) spin-locking seque...

Due to the sublimation and perfection of human knowledge in economics, the concept of efficiency developed in the past two decades and the measurement of it, based on different theories and practice. In economics, efficiency means the maximum of possible output from a certain amount of input. The efficiency is very important for developing countries Because these countries face to a shortage of...