All kinds of vehicles have different ratios of width to height, which are called the aspect ratios. Most previous works, however, use a fixed aspect ratio for vehicle detection (VD). The use of a fixed vehicle aspect ratio for VD degrades the performance. Thus, the estimation of a vehicle aspect ratio is an important part of robust VD. Taking this idea into account, a new on-road vehicle detect...

the fluid flow and heat transfer in lid-driven enclosures filled with cu-water nanofluid is numerically investigated. the moving vertical walls of the enclosure  are maintained in a constant temperature, while the horizontal walls are insulated. the hybrid scheme is used to discretize the convection terms and simpler algorithm is adopted to couple the velocity field and pressure in the momentum...

Copper electrodeposition in high-aspect-ratio through-holes micromachined by deep reactive ion etching is one of the most essential processes for fabricating through-wafer interconnects, which will be used in developing future generation high-speed, compact 3D microelectronic devices. Although copper electrodeposition is a well-established process, completely void-free electroplating in very de...

The flow of liquid polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Dow Corning Sylgard 184, 10 : 1 base to cross-linker ratio) in open, rectangular silicon microchannels, with and without a coating (100 nm) of poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene (PTFE), was studied. Photolithographic patterning and etching of silicon wafers was used to create microchannels with a range of widths (∼5-50 μm) and depths (5-20 μm). Experimenta...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrate unusually high stiffness, strength and resilience, and are therefore an ideal reinforcing material for nanocomposites. However, much work has to be done before the potentials of CNT-based composites can be fully realized.  Evaluating the effective material properties of such nanoscale materials is a very difficult tasks.  Simulations using molecular dynamics ...

Spherical tokamaks (STs) provide a challenging regime for the study of turbulent transport in magnetised plasmas, providing an opportunity to test gyrokinetic and MHD fluid turbulence theory under extreme conditions. The strong field curvature at low aspect ratio has an important influence on micro-stability; both aspect ratio and flow-shear affect transport and at high-β, electromagnetic effec...

High aspect ratio inertial focusing channels offers high throughput portable devices thatcan remove colloidal-size particles from a continuous media for the preparation of samplesor membranes filtration are in need for point of care operations in a compact andlightweight format. This research attempts to increase concentrating efficiency by studyingparticle behavior in the c...

High aspect ratio microchannels using high thermal conductivity materials such as silicon carbide (SiC) have recently been explored to locally cool micro-scale power electronics that are prone to on-chip hot spot generation. Analytical and finite element modeling shows that microchannels used for localized cooling should have high aspect ratio features (above 8:1) to enable the heat flux levels...