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Proper noun pronuncia t ion genera t ion is a part icular ly chal lenging problem in speech recognition since a large percentage of proper nouns often defy typical letter-to-sound conversion rules. In this paper, we present decision tree methods which outperform neural network techniques. Using the decision tree method, we have achieved an overall error rate of 45.5%, which is a 35% reduction o...

The knowledge account of assertion (KA) says you may assert Q only if you know Q. Many objections have been raised against KA (e.g. Weiner 2005, Douven 2006, Lackey 2007, Hill and Schechter 2007, Levin 2008, Kvanvig 2009, and Brown forthcoming). Here I’ll focus on one objection in particular, and offer a response. A major part of the case for KA is an explanatory argument from conversational pa...

This research study looks at how organizations in developing countries perceive the challenge of building capacity in e-learning expertise. Data was collected on six such organizations, and a range of perceived rationales and constraints were identified. The paper hypothesizes a four-part framework to define the e-learning capacity gaps that these circumstances appear to represent: the “instruc...

this study was carried out by using two hundred ewes (2-4 years old) as  pure breeding (zel × zel) and crossbreeding (chal × zel). in each treatment, 30 male and 30 female lambs were fattened in a feedlot experiment for three periods; 75, 100 and 125 days. at the end of each period, 10 lambs of each treatment were slaughter and carcasses analysis was down. the lean meat percentage and bone perc...

Cumulat ively over recent years an increas ing number o f patients are surv iv ing with extensive paralysis w h i c h inc ludes loss o f hand and a r m movements in both upper extremities. Th is situation occurs in persons with h igh cervical c o r d lesions ( C 5 , C-6) w h o have survived traumatic injury with quadr ip legia . as well as in pe r sons with severe po l iomyel i t i s residuals,...

Ali Anooshahr’s Turkestan and the Rise of Eurasian Empires: A Study Pol- itics Invented Traditions explores how late medieval early modern Persianate historians dealt with Turco-Mongol lineages founders Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal, Mongol, Shibanid empires. As Anooshahr claims, legacy heritage was mostly linked negative associa- tions “barbarity,” “plundering,” “violence,” “paganism,” in discursiv...