Divergent selection between environments can result in changes to the behavior of an organism. In many insects, volatile compounds are a primary means by which host plants are recognized and shifts in plant availability can result in changes to host preference. Both the plant substrate and microorganisms can influence this behavior, and host plant choice can have an impact on the performance of...

The forage cactus Mexican Elephant Ear is widely incorporated into the animal productive chain of northeast region Brazil. However, there a lack studies on physiological dynamics this cactus. Therefore, study was conducted at Estação Experimental Prof. Ignácio Salcedo Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), in Campina Grande, State Paraíba, aim to evaluate CO2 uptake and water-use efficiency le...

Calcium-dependent cysteine proteases of the calpain family are modulatory proteases that cleave their substrates in a limited manner. Among their substrates, calpains target vertebrate and invertebrate IκB proteins. Because proteolysis by calpains potentially generates novel protein functions, it is important to understand how this affects NFκB activity. We investigate the action of Calpain A (...

The second Zagreb coindex is a well-known graph invariant defined as the total degree product of all non-adjacent vertex pairs in a graph. The second Zagreb eccentricity coindex is defined analogously to the second Zagreb coindex by replacing the vertex degrees with the vertex eccentricities. In this paper, we present exact expressions or sharp lower bounds for the second Zagreb eccentricity co...

Efficient algorithms for solving the center problems in weighted cactus networks are presented. In particular, we have proposed the following algorithms for the weighted cactus networks of size n: an O(n log n) time algorithm to solve the 1center problem, an O(n log 3n) time algorithm to solve the weighted continuous 2-center problem. We have also provided improved solutions to the general p-ce...

BACKGROUND Cactus polysaccharides are the active components of Opuntia dillenii which have been used extensively in folk medicine. In this study, we investigate the anti-tumor effect of cactus polysaccharides on lung squamous carcinoma cells SK-MES-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS The inhibitory effect of Cactus polysaccharides on lung squamous carcinoma cells were detected by MTT assay. Cell cycle w...

BACKGROUND Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) fiber was shown to promote weight loss in a 3-month clinical investigation. As demonstrated by in vitro studies, cactus fiber binds to dietary fat and its use results in reduced absorption, which in turn leads to reduced energy absorption and ultimately the reduction of body weight. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to elucidate the dietary fat ...

This paper initiates the study of adversarial topology inference with virtual network (VNet) embeddings in ISP networks. As an example, we sketch how to infer cactus graphs with VNet request complexity O(n). 1 Contribution Sketch An Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) network infrastructure properties often constitute a business secret, not only for a competitive advantage, but also because the d...

In this paper, we build on recent results by Chauve et al. and Bahrani and Lumbroso, which combined the splitdecomposition, as exposed by Gioan and Paul, with analytic combinatorics, to produce new enumerative results on graphs—in particular the enumeration of several subclasses of perfect graphs (distance-hereditary, 3-leaf power, ptolemaic). Our goal was to study a simple family of graphs, of...