Cervical spine injury in pediatric trauma occurs rarely; however, there is significant potential for considerable morbidity when it does occur. Screening for cervical spine injuries has been shown to be most sensitive in adult trauma centers when combined with reliable physical examination findings. Because pediatric trauma patients suffer from a different range of injuries than adults, and oft...

PURPOSE To review the impact of concomitant cervical spine injury on the management of facial fractures in a tertiary care institution via a retrospective chart review. PATIENTS AND METHODS Within the past 10 years, 1,750 consecutive patients presented to our institution with facial fractures. Thirty-two had concomitant cervical spine injury. Five were transferred or died before treatment. Th...

BACKGROUND Severe cervical spine injury in rugby union (rugby) exerts a major impact on the individual who sustains the injury and on the broader society. Since the late 1970s, authors of rugby case report studies have postulated that the underlying mechanism of cervical spine injury is hyperflexion of the neck. However, this is in conflict with findings from more recent experimental studies. T...

RECOMMENDATIONS Standards: A three view cervical spine series (AP, lateral, and odontoid views) is recommended for radiographic evaluation of the cervical spine in patients who are symptomatic following traumatic injury. This should be supplemented with computed tomography to further define areas that are suspicious or not well visualized on the plain cervical x-rays. Guidelines: There is insuf...

The cervical spine allows humans to perform complex motions including lateral bending, twisting, and flexion/extension. The anatomical structures of the cervical spine, such as the cervical discs, facet joints, and ligaments, are constantly under stress due to everyday activities. Sustained stress over time causes injury and degeneration in the structures of the cervical spine and the developme...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study Low-Risk Criteria were established to identify patients with a low probability of cervical spine injury in whom imaging of the cervical spine was unnecessary. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the number of unnecessary cervical spine CT studies on the basis of proper application of established clinical guidel...

This article reviews cervical laminoplasty. The origin of cervical laminoplasty dates back to cervical laminectomy performed in Japan ~50 years ago. To overcome poor surgical outcomes of cervical laminectomy, many Japanese orthopedic spine surgeons devoted their lives to developing better posterior decompression procedures for the cervical spine. Thanks to the development of a high-speed surgic...

Background and Importance: The development of C5 root palsy is a well-known potential complication of cervical spine surgeries for the correction of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. It typically occurs unilaterally but on extremely rare occasions it might occur as a bilateral anomaly. The value of intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring in detection of iatrogenic acute versus delayed onset C...

Cervical spine disorders which can cause swallowing difficulties (cervicogenic dysphagia; CD) are: chronic multisegmental/MS dysfunction (dysfunction=functional blockade) of the facet joints, changes in physiological curvature of the cervical spine, degenerative changes (anterior osteophytes, anterior disc herniation, osteochondrosis, osteoarthritis), inflammatory rheumatic diseases, diffuse id...

purpose: to evaluate of proton therapy (pt) for neurosurgery patients and is also to explain the need for this system in iran. methods: a literature review was conducted (1984–2016). the strategy included a combination of keywords including proton therapy, neck, neurosurgery, brain, head, tumor, spine, arteriovenous malformation (avms), cervical and spine in database of pubmed. new generation p...