A set of input specifications is designed to enable engineers and scientists, who may not be computer experts, to describe the finite element analysis (FEA) procedures for a new application. The input directs PIER, a code derivation/generation system being developed in Common Lisp, to produce either sequential or parallel FEA codes. The PIER input employs common terminology and notations as use...

Bridges are built in a variety of locations, many of which are susceptible to multiple extreme hazards (earthquakes, vehicle collisions, tsunamis or storm surges, and blasts are considered in this research since they are present as a minimum for some locations). This underscores the need to develop an innovative design concept for bridges from a multi-hazard perspective in which all hazards and...

Due to lack of the proper and well behavior of steel moment-resisting connections subjected to the great and major earthquakes, excessive researches have been conducted to mitigate the damages on the primary elements and connections. Therefore, elimination of residual drift and increasing the plastic rotation capacity for the connectors in the panel zone are required. The main purpose of this s...

In the present work, the efficiency of single and double collar in reducing scour rate and depth around cylindrical bridge piers was studied experimentally. In order to reduce the strength of wake vortices, different numbers of bars were also installed at the downstream face of the pier in combination with a single collar. The best result was achieved for double collar when the collars were ins...

An experimental study has been conducted on the effectiveness of two types of flow-altering countermeasures placed around a cylindrical pier under clear water condition, which include sacrificial piles and submerged vanes. Their arrangements follow the optimal configurations recommended in the published articles with some modification. The temporal evolution of maximum scour depth and its equil...

introduction: bridges are certainly one of the most important structures but costly service elements in a transport system. the bridges are very required to access the damaged areas in emergency situations such as floods and earthquakes. scour around the foundations of bridge piers exposed to the flowing water than can destroy the bridge itself is a subject of major concern. flow pattern is kno...

Scouring around a bridge pier is a complex phenomenon. More laboratory experiments are required to understand the scour mechanism. This paper focused on time development of local scour around piers and piles in semi integral bridges. Laboratory data collected at Hydraulics Laboratory, University of Malaya was analyzed for this purpose. Tests were performed with two different uniform sediment si...

DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission. It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees or the State of California. The Energy Commission, the State of California, its employees, contractors and subcontractors make no warrant, express or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information...