Efficient hydrolysis of cellulose-to-glucose is critically important in producing fuels and chemicals from renewable feedstocks. Cellulose hydrolysis in aqueous media suffers from slow reaction rates because cellulose is a water-insoluble crystalline biopolymer. The high-crystallinity of cellulose fibrils renders the internal surface of cellulose inaccessible to the hydrolyzing enzymes (cellula...

The increased environmental consciousness has raised a discussion about saving natural resources, which has led to an emerging interest in the development of sustainable materials with high performance. Polysaccharide biopolymers from renewable resources, for instance, are a great alternative to replace oil-based polymers since they have a lower cradle to grave energy use and greenhouse gas emi...

cellulose sulfuric acid was used as an efficient biopolymer-based catalyst for the synthesis of tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-2,4,6-triones and hexahydro-2h-pyrazolo[5,4-b]quinoline-6-ones via three component reaction of aldehyde, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadione and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil or 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenypyrazole under solvent-free conditions at 90 oc. the major advantages o...

The phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), play important roles in regulating cell elongation and cell size, and BR-related mutants in Arabidopsis display significant dwarf phenotypes. Cellulose is a biopolymer which has a major contribution to cell wall formation during cell expansion and elongation. However, whether BRs regulate cellulose synthesis, and if so, what the underlying mechanism of...

Bacterial cellulose is produced by several species of Acetobacter and because of its unique properties; it has advantages over plant cellulose. Today, this biopolymer has numerous applications at many industrial fields. In this research, samples from different sources of Iran were collected and cultivated in an enrichment liquid medium for growth of acetic acid bacteria. After purification the ...

Cellulose represents the most abundant biopolymer in nature and has great economic importance. Cellulose chains pack laterally into crystalline forms, stacking into a complicated crystallographic structure. However, the mechanism of cellulose crystallization is poorly understood. Here, via functional characterization, we report that Brittle Culm1 (BC1), a COBRA-like protein in rice, modifies ce...

Abstract Cellulose, a natural, renewable, and environment friendly biopolymer, has been considered as sustainable feedstock in the near future. However, only 0.3% of cellulose is today processed since it not soluble conventional solvents due to strong hydrogen bonding network highly ordered structure. Hence, search effective eco-friendly for dissolution key pillar decades. In recent years, ioni...

Immobilized enzymes are widely used in various biochemical reactions due to higher stability and reusability. Immobilization enzyme is a process of confinement molecules onto/within support or matrix material via the chemical physical process. In this study, effect free CNT-Immobilized cellulase was investigated for hydrolysis different CMC concentrations. The on kinetic parameters Vmax Km comp...