production and approval of trastuzumab (herceptin®) for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (mbc) was a millstone in antibody-based targeted therapy in the cancer treatment. however, despite the early success in the clinical trials, trastuzumab failed to appreciate the initial attraction due to development of resistance to the drug. the majority of patients who benefit from the drug acqui...

background: an explosion of research has been done in discovering how human health is affected by environmental factors. i will discuss the impacts of environmental cancer causing factors and how they continue to cause multiple disruptions in cellular networking. some risk factors may not cause cancer. other factors initiate consecutive genetic mutations that would eventually alter the normal p...

objective(s): carbon nanotube (cnt) has been widely applied at molecular and cellular levels due to its exceptional properties. studies based on conjugation of cnts with biological molecules indicated that biological activity is preserved. polyethylenimine (pei) is explored in designing novel gene delivery vectors due to its ability to condense plasmid dna through electrostatic attraction. in t...