The placement and routing steps directly impact the circuit performance, area, power consumption, reliability. To handle high complexity of modern circuits, these are tackled separately by applying a divide-and-conquer approach. Unfortunately, due to continuous increase design rules complexity, convergence solutions can suffer from misalignment, effects an unsatisfactory will be noticed only du...

the patient was a 22-year-old female with ataxia-telangiectasia presented with progressive dysphagia to solid food from 2 months ego. she had lost 17 kg in that period. physical findings were cachexia, telangiectasias of sclera, ataxia in limbs movements and epigastric tenderness.there was a tumoral lesion in gastric lesser curvature with extension to esophagogastric junction in endoscopy. path...

A recent study reveals that the propagation of intercellular calcium signals is closely associated with the generation of convergent extension movements during Xenopus gastrulation. Such signals provide a mechanism whereby large populations of cells can communicate to generate orchestrated cell movements.

Chick embryo epithelial cells, cultured in vitro on a plane glass surface, show ruffled membrane activity like that seen in fibroblasts. When similar epithelial cells come into contact, long-lasting adhesions form, which are associated with the cessation of membrane activity. Movement of epithelial cell sheets is correlated with adhesion to the substratum of some or all of the marginal cells. S...

Nuclear migration is a general term for the movement of the nucleus towards a specific site in the cell. These movements are involved in a number of fundamental biological processes, such as fertilization, cell division, and embryonic development. Despite of its importance, the mechanism of nuclear migration is still poorly understood in mammalian cells. In order to shed light on the mechanical...