Neurons of the motor thalamus mediate basal ganglia and cerebellar influences on cortical activity. To elucidate the net result of γ-aminobutyric acid-releasing or glutamatergic bombardment of the motor thalamus by basal ganglia or cerebellar afferents, respectively, we recorded the spontaneous activities of thalamocortical neurons in distinct identified "input zones" in anesthetized rats durin...

We study convective overshooting by means of local 3D convection calculations. Using a mixing length model of the solar convection zone (CZ) as a guide, we determine the Coriolis number (Co), which is the inverse of the Rossby number, to be of the order of ten or larger at the base of the solar CZ. Therefore we perform convection calculations in the range Co = 0...10 and interpret the value of ...

The multidisciplinary Coastal Zone (CZ) network from the National Institute of Sciences and Technology (INCT) for Climate Change, aims to evaluate the state of knowledge and coordinate projects dealing with the effects of global climate changes in the country’s coastal zone. During its first year, CZ focused on literature review, historic data analysis and vulnerability studies. The studies wer...

The peaks of El Niño in the Cane–Zebiak (CZ) model tend to appear most frequently around November when the ocean Rossby waves, which were amplified during the previous unstable season (February–May), turn back to the eastern Pacific and when the local instability in the eastern Pacific is very weak. The peaks of La Niña in the CZ model occur most frequently in boreal summer, in contrast to the ...

In the present work, a novel cohesive discontinuous Galerkin (CDG) method is proposed to model interfacial failure of brittle materials. Before failure, an incomplete interior penalty (IIPG) variant (DG) family applied for linear elasticity. Once criterion met, extrinsic zone (CZ) captures behavior interface. Through application DG in combination with reduced integration on boundary terms, lock...

The physical ocean phenomena in the affect changes of water body, which has an important influence on sound propagation. A hyperbolic frequency modulation (HFM) signal propagation experiment towed source East Indian Ocean (EIO) was conducted summer 2019. center is 300 Hz, and hydrophone receives data from 4130 m far. This first time that we have underwater acoustic survey Ocean. phenomenon—Indi...

The aim of this study was to determine the energy expenditure of a group of cavers of both genders and different ages and experience during a 10 hour subterranean exploration, using portable metabolimeters. The impact of caving activity on body composition and hydration were also assessed through bioelectrical impedance, and nutritional habits of cavers surveyed. During cave activity, measured ...

WUSCHEL (WUS) is a homeodomain transcription factor produced in cells of the niche/organizing center (OC) of shoot apical meristems. WUS specifies stem cell fate and also restricts its own levels by activating a negative regulator, CLAVATA3 (CLV3), in adjacent cells of the central zone (CZ). Here we show that the WUS protein, after being synthesized in cells of the OC, migrates into the CZ, whe...

This study was conducted to assess the effects of feed particle size (FPZ) and crumble size (CZ) of starter diet on growth performance parameters, carcass characteristics, and small intestinal histomorphology in broiler chicks. Three hundred and sixty male Ross 308 chicks were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design with 3 ´ 2 factorial arrangement consist of three screened FPZs ...