Renal angiomyolipomas are innocuous benign tumours which rarely behave aggressively. This is a case of a 48 year old Malay lady presenting with right sided abdominal pain associated with a large right sided abdominal mass. She was diagnosed with renal angiomyolipoma of the right kidney complicated by inferior vena caval tumour thrombosis. She successfully underwent a radical nephrectomy and inf...

When imaging the liver in the presence of superior vena caval obstruction, a region of increased radiocolloid uptake may occur in the area of the porta hepatis. Recently, this was demonstrated with a 32-year-old male patient. With advances in electronic spatial resolution, however, the imaged "hot" area is now considerably better delineated. This artifact within the liver in the presence of sup...

Inferior vena caval filters have been shown to be effective in the prevention of pulmonary embolism, with low morbidity and mortality associated with their implantation. Awareness of potential complications can further decrease the risk of filter placement and lead to early detection and management of complications to improve clinical outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the proce...

Median sternotomy was performed and cardiopulmonary bypass was established using bi-caval cannulation. Cardiac standstill was obtained with antegrade cardioplegia after cross-clamping the aorta. The caval tapes were snared and the right atrium (RA) was opened. An incision was made in the fossa ovalis and was extended into the left atrium (LA). Stay sutures were placed on the edge of the incisio...

The structural features of the venous system of seals, including such specialties as a caval sphincter, a huge posterior caval vein and hepatic sinuses, venous plexuses and a huge extradural intravertebral vein, are described and functional aspects of these features in relation to diving habits are discussed. A number of old concepts are discarded and new ones are proposed, particularly with re...

Surgical repair of tricuspid atresia has been carried out in three patients; two of these operations have been successful. A new surgical procedure has been used which transmits the whole vena caval blood to the lungs, while only oxygenated blood returns to the left heart. The right atrium is, in this way, 'ventriclized', to direct the inferior vena caval blood to the left lung, the right pulmo...

This study describes the imaging features and characteristics of caval foramen hernias in 7 dogs diagnosed by computed tomography (CT). On lateral radiographs, 6 of 7 dogs showed dome-shaped, broad-based, caudal mediastinal lesions. CT findings included caudal vena cava (CVC) compression (n=7), right lateral (n=6) or medial (n=1) liver lobe involvement, hepatic vein dilation (n=5) and biliary t...

W e report the unusual case of a 60-year-old-man presenting with left lower limb venous gangrene caused by an aorto-caval fistula. There was associated bilateral lower limb and scrotal oedema. In this case a ruptured aortic aneurysm with acute fistulation into the vena cava (fig 1) was repaired in the conventional manner. However, the patient underwent above-knee amputation of irreversible veno...