OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper was to compare two mathematical procedures to estimate the annual attributable number of deaths (the Allison et al procedure and the Mokdad et al procedure), and derive a new procedure that combines the best aspects of both procedures. The new procedure calculates attributable number of deaths along a continuum (i.e. for each unit of exposure), and allows for...

We explore connections between places of function fields over a base field F and birational morphisms between smooth F varieties. This is done by considering various categories of fractions involving function fields or varieties as objects, and constructing functors between these categories. The main result is that in the localised category S b Sm(F ), where Sm(F ) denotes the usual category of...

where 7-[ is the category of finitely presented E-torsion R-modules of projective dimension 1. An explicit construction for 0 is given, generalizing that previously worked out by Bass when ~ is central. Application is made to work of Farrell and Hsiang on skew polynomial tings, and to the Whitehead groups of those division rings that occur as fields of fractions ofnoncommutative Euclidean domains.

We propose a new homotopy invariant for Lie groupoids which generalizes the classical Lusternik-Schnirelmann category for topological spaces. We use a bicategorical approach to develop a notion of contraction in this context. We propose a notion of homotopy between generalized maps given by the 2-arrows in a certain bicategory of fractions. This notion is invariant under Morita equivalence. Thu...

In the definition of a crossed module $(T,G,rho)$, the actions of the group $T$ and $G$ on themselves are given by conjugation. In this paper, we consider these actions to be arbitrary and thus generalize the concept of ordinary crossed module. Therefore, we get the category ${bf GCM}$, of all generalized crossed modules and generalized crossed module morphisms between them, and investigate som...

the aim of the present paper is to define and study (ic)$lm$-fuzzytopological spaces, a generalization of (weakly) induced $lm$-fuzzytopological spaces. we discuss the basic properties of(ic)$lm$-fuzzy topological spaces, and introduce the notions ofinterior (ic)-fication and exterior (ic)-fication of $lm$-fuzzytopologies and prove that {bf iclm-ftop} (the category of(ic)$lm$-fuzzy topological ...

In this article we carry on the study of the fundamental category (Goubault and Raussen, 2002; Goubault, 2003) of a partially ordered topological space (Nachbin, 1965; Johnstone, 1982), as arising in e.g. concurrency theory (Fajstrup et al., 2006), initiated in (Fajstrup et al., 2004). The “algebra” of dipaths modulo dihomotopy (the fundamental category) of such a po-space is essentially finite...

in this work, we describe an adjunction between the comma category of set-based monads under the v -powerset monad and the category of associative lax extensions of set-based monads to the category of v -relations. in the process, we give a general construction of the kleisli extension of a monad to the category of v-relations.

Research through community service (CS) in Bunga Bali village, Pantar Timur sub-district, Alor. PKM instilling the basic concepts of addition and subtraction fractions 3rd grade students SD GMIT Abangiwang is carried out with aim finding extent students' knowledge fractions, whether denominator same or different. This activity offers planting concept multiplication as a reference understanding ...