A learning management system (LMS) plays an important role in e-learning. It provides educational services to manage learner profiles and learning contents. One of the core processes of an LMS is the computer adaptive testing (CAT), which helps teachers evaluate student’s knowledge capability. Although many CAT systems have been introduced to LMSs, they do not provide the efficient item classif...

Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) has become a popular testing mode in recent decades, because it improves testing efficiency over paper-and-pencil testing while maintaining accuracy. Usually CAT programs are built upon latent trait item response theory models. Cognitive diagnostic models, on the other hand, are constrained latent class models. It is of interest to both researchers and practi...

Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) is an example of a Computer Based Test (CBT) and is one of the main trending topics in the area of knowledge testing and, more recently, in e–learning or in Intelligent Tutoring Systems scenarios. The Item Response Theory (IRT) defines the theoretical basis of a CAT implementation, which assumes the existence of a repository of properly calibrated items that is u...

CAT(0) metric spaces and hyperbolic spaces play an important role in combinatorial and geometric group theory. In this paper, we present efficient algorithms for distance problems in CAT(0) planar complexes. First of all, we present an algorithm for answering single-point distance queries in a CAT(0) planar complex. Namely, we show that for a CAT(0) planar complex K with n vertices, one can con...

Cryptography is the science and study of protecting data in computer communication systems from unauthorized disclosure modification. An ordinary difference equation (a map) can be used encryption–decryption algorithms. In particular, Arnold’s cat sine-Gordon linear maps cryptographic algorithms for encoding digital images. this article, a two-dimensional mKdV map derived an will algorithm. The...

We study several restricted classes of compositions by giving one-to-one maps between them and different classes of restricted binary strings or pattern avoiding permutations. Inspired by the ECO method [8], new succession rules for these classes are presented. Finally, we obtain generating algorithms in Constant Amortized Time (CAT) for theses classes.

in recent times increasing occurrence of dermatophytosis, especially among the school children in eastern india was evidenced along with increased tendency of keeping companion animals such as dogs and cats. this study was undertaken to detect the occurrence of dermatophytes with antifungal susceptibility among the companion animals. a total of 1501 healthy companion animals comprising 1209 dog...

Schrödinger Cat State Atomic Interferometer with Heisenberg-Limited Sensitivity and Detection of Collective States