Carrageenan has been widely used as an irritant to evoke inflammation in animals or to selectively deplete macrophages in vivo. Although precise understanding of carrageenan activity is a prerequisite for the experimental use of this polysaccharide, the effects of this agent on host-biological systems are still poorly understood. We investigated the effect of carrageenan on serum concentrations...

The study aimed at analyzing the role of each of interleukin-1 (IL-1 ) and Nitric Oxide (NO) in development of peripheral acute inflammation in mice in presence/absence of a one hour pre-administered acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Eighty male mice were utilized. Carrageenan was administered intraplanterly (0.05 ml of 0.5, 1 or 2%, W/V). The examined parameters were paw volume, IL-1 and nitrite lev...

RATIONALE The role played by resident pleural macrophages in the initiation of pleural inflammation is currently unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of resident pleural macrophages in the initiation of inflammation. METHODS We have used a conditional macrophage ablation strategy to determine the role of resident pleural macrophages in the regulation of neutrophil recruitment in a murine...

BACKGROUND Changes in the blood-central nervous system barriers occur under pathological conditions including inflammation and contribute to central manifestations of various diseases. After short-lasting peripheral and neurogenic inflammation, the evidence is mixed whether there are consistent blood-spinal cord changes. In the current study, we examine changes in the blood-spinal cord barrier ...

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate effectiveness of RM-33, a new isoxazolotriazepine, in the model of carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats. Wistar rats were pretreated with intraperitoneal (ip) or oral (po) doses of RM-33, at daily doses ranging from 250 to 1000 microg, administered 1-3 days before elicitation of the carrageenan reaction. We showed that both routes of RM-33 admin...

Experiments were carried out to examine the effect of acute inflammation, induced by intra-articular injection of 2% carrageenan, on the response of articular blood vessels in the knee joints of rabbits to adrenoceptor agonists. The responses to noradrenaline, phenylephrine, clonidine, UK-14304, and isoprenaline were examined 24 hours after carrageenan injection and compared with those of norma...

Local administration of exogenous opioids may cause effective analgesia without adverse symptoms from the central nervous system. Experiments show that peripheral antinociceptive effect of opioids is observed especially in inflammatory pain. The aim of the research was to estimate the effect of tramadol on nociceptive process at the level of peripheral nervous system, after its local administra...

Inflammation is the major causative factor of different diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Anti-inflammatory drugs are often the first step of treatment in many of these diseases. The present study is aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory properties of isoorientin, a selective cyclooxygenase...

Anti-inflammatory effects of antidepressants have been reported in some studies, but the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unknown. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, is widely used in the management of psychological disorders and various types of pain, including neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia. In our previous work, we found the role of supraspinal mechanisms in the anti-infl...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzyme can cause inflammation. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is also involved in the inflammatory response through regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Areca catechu is one of the known fruit plants of the Palmaceae family. It has been used for a long time as a source of herbal medicine i...