Adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and gastroesophageal junction are believed to arise in Barrett's esophagus with intestinal metaplasia. Whether adenocarcinoma can arise in columnar lined esophagus without intestinal metaplasia is in doubt. Whether adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia arises in intestinal metaplasia of the gastric cardia is also in doubt. We aim to evaluate the relationshi...

The coordinated migration of bilateral cardiomyocytes and the formation of the cardiac cone are essential for heart tube formation. We investigated gene regulatory mechanisms involved in myocardial migration, and regulation of the timing of cardiac cone formation in zebrafish embryos. Through screening of zebrafish treated with ethylnitrosourea, we isolated a mutant with a hypomorphic allele of...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Ardabil Province, in northwestern Iran, has the highest rate of gastric (predominantly cardia) adenocarcinoma in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of endoscopic screening and to look for associated Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric precancerous lesions. METHODS One thousand one hundred and five adult volunteers, residents of Ardabil and Meshkinshahr...

BACKGROUND Gastric cardia cancer (GCC) is located in the distal stomach, and strongly correlates with atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection. Caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) is homeobox gene encoding an intestine-specific transcription factor usually expressed in the intestinal epithelium cells. However, in several recent published papers, CDX2 was...

BACKGROUND A few studies have indicated inverse relationships between serum ghrelin and gastric and esophageal cancers but those associations have been restricted to specific populations, including smokers and overweight individuals. We examined the association between ghrelin and gastroesophageal cancers and atrophic gastritis in a population-based setting. METHODS In total 220 gastroesophag...

BACKGROUND In the West, the subsite incidence of gastric cancer has changed in recent decades, with cancer of the cardia increasing in incidence and that of the more distal stomach decreasing. NW Iran has a very high incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer and we have examined the anatomical site specific incidence in this geographical region. METHOD AND MATERIALS Of 33 718 patients who vi...

BACKGROUND Saliva has a high nitrite concentration, derived from the enterosalivary recirculation of dietary nitrate, and is the main source of nitrite entering the acidic stomach. Acidification of nitrite in the presence of secondary amines or amides generates potentially carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds. The reaction is inhibited by ascorbic acid and catalysed by thiocyanate. AIM To determi...

A 63-year-old woman was referred for iron-deficiency anemia and melena that was requiringmultiple blood transfusions. She had undergone multiple uninformative upper endoscopies and colonoscopies that had been performed by two different gastroenterologists. The patient had undergone a capsule endoscopy that had shown a questionable vascular ectasia in the distal ileum. She therefore underwent re...

OBJECTIVE To profile RNA expression in gastric cancer by anatomic subsites as an initial step in identifying molecular subtypes and providing targets for early detection and therapy. METHODS We performed transcriptome analysis using the Affymetrix GeneChip U133A in gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (n = 62) and gastric noncardia adenocarcinomas (n = 72) and their matched normal tissues from pati...

Rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma have increased, while rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma have decreased, suggesting distinct etiologies. The authors prospectively investigated the associations of alcohol and tobacco with these cancers in 474,606 US participants using Cox models adjusted for potential confo...