The present work reports on the investigations based on the interaction of sodium hydroxide with catechol derivatives. The first derivative spectra allowed the simultaneous determination of levodopa and carbidopa. The calibration graph was constructed from the first derivative signals by measuring D at 350 nm for standard samples containing between 3 and 30 mg L−1 of levodopa and at 305 nm for ...

BACKGROUND Primary writing tremor is a task-specific phenomenon that has been described as variants of essential tremor or dystonia. PHENOMENOLOGY SHOWN We describe the case of a 63-year-old female who initially had primary writing tremor, later developed Parkinson's disease, and once initiated on carbidopa/levodopa had improvement in her parkinsonism and her writing tremor. EDUCATIONAL VAL...

Purpose Mucuna pruriens (mucuna) seeds contain 3-6% LDOPA, and have been used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine to treat diseases resembling Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pilot studies in PD show that mucuna seed powder has similar effects to conventional levodopa/carbidopa medication. Formulations of mucuna seed are readily available through the internet, and are used by some PD patients as an alt...

The study was conducted with the purpose to method develop and validate a Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography method UV detector to determine Levodopa, Carbidopa and Entacapone content in table preparation using MeOH : Acetonitrile : phosphate buffer (pH 2.8, 30:40:30 v/v/v). Column is BEH C18 (2.1 x 100 mm, 5 μm), flow rate 0.3 ml per minute and run time is 4 minutes. The method was valida...

Treatment of dopa-responsive dystonia is one of the more satisfying experiences in clinical neurology. The response to treatment with levodopa is usually dramatic and complete with no long-term complications. Carbidopa/levodopa is the mainstay in treating dopa-responsive dystonia. There is some experience using anticholinergic agents, but they are more likely to cause side effects and do not tr...

Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that, in Parkinson's disease, the late-occurring fluctuations in response to levodopa therapy are due to progression of the disease rather than to the therapy. Therefore, treatment with carbidopa/levodopa should be started early, because postponement does not provide patients with added benefits but deprives them of the most satisfying period of the t...

BACKGROUND Continuous administration of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (carbidopa-levodopa enteral suspension) through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrojejunostomy is a treatment option for advanced Parkinson disease (PD) patients with motor fluctuations resistant to standard oral medications. Safety data from 4 prospective studies were integrated to assess the safety of this therapy. METHO...

OBJECTIVES To determine the possible interactions between levodopa therapy and plasma levels of B vitamins in patients with advanced idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) in the context of either oral levodopa therapy or levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG). Secondly, to determine the prevalence of neuropathy and its relation to plasma levels of B vitamins and homocysteine. METHODS Medicat...

AIM/INTRODUCTION Both glucocorticoids and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) have been shown to induce insulin resistance (IR) in hepatocytes and adipocytes. Here, we explore whether there is a correlation between them. MATERIALS AND METHODS Except for the control group, male rats were exposed to dexamethasone treated with or without para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA), or carbidopa for 20 days. Except f...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Oral levodopa-carbidopa (LC-oral) treatment in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with motor complications due to large fluctuations in levodopa plasma concentrations. Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) provides individualized continuous levodopa-carbidopa delivery through intrajejunal infusion. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and e...