OBJECTIVES Consumption of alcoholic beverages reduces the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), and epidemiological studies have shown that ethanol per se is protective. However, the mechanism by which ethanol exerts protection is not fully known. Ethanol can stimulate neuropeptide-containing primary sensory neurons via the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Here, ...

Rats with experimental colitis suffer from impaired gastric emptying (GE). We previously showed that this phenomenon involves afferent neurons within the pelvic nerve. In this study, we aimed to identify the mediators involved in this afferent hyperactivation. Colitis was induced by trinitrobenzene sulfate (TNBS) instillation. We determined GE, distal front, and geometric center (GC) of intesti...

OBJECTIVES Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) -positive sensory nerves are widely distributed in the kidney, suggesting that TRPV1-mediated action may participate in the regulation of renal function under pathophysiological conditions. Stimulation of TRPV1 channels protects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). However, it is unknown whether inhibit...

The aim of this study was to delineate the mode of action of 20-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. ASM metabolizes arachidonic acid by various enzymatic pathways, including the cytochrome P-450 (CYP-450) omega-hydroxylase, which leads to the production of 20-HETE, a bronchoconstrictive eicosanoid. The present study demonstrated that 20-HETE induced conc...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a well-established member of the gasotransmitter family, is involved in a variety of physiological functions, including pro-nociceptive action in the sensory system. Although several reports have shown that H2S activates sensory neurons, the molecular targets of H2S action in trigeminal (TG) nociception, implicated in migraine, remains controversial. In this study, using...

30 Recent studies have found that some forms of endocannabinoid-dependent synaptic 31 plasticity in the hippocampus are mediated through activation of transient potential receptor 32 vanilloid (TRPV) receptors instead of cannabinoid receptors CB1 or CB2. The potential role for 33 synaptic localization of TRPV receptors during endocannabinoid modulation of nociceptive 34 synapses was examined in...

Recent studies have found that some forms of endocannabinoid-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus are mediated through activation of transient potential receptor vanilloid (TRPV) receptors instead of cannabinoid receptors CB1 or CB2. The potential role for synaptic localization of TRPV receptors during endocannabinoid modulation of nociceptive synapses was examined in the leech CNS ...