The goal of this research was to compare the remote-sensing derived irrigated areas with census-derived statistics reported in the national system. India, which has nearly 30% of global annualized irrigated areas (AIAs), and is the leading irrigated area country in the World, along with China, was chosen for the study. Irrigated areas were derived for nominal year 2000 using time-series remote ...

Land leveling or land grading of surface irrigated fields improve irrigation water distribution and application efficiencies, conserve increases crop productivity. formation for face many constraints (ensuring proper slopes, prevention flood, ensuring canal command over the field, optimizing earthwork, minimizing truck travel distances, equipment utilization). Design engineers traditionally, pe...

India is among the countries that uses a significant fraction of available water for irrigation. Irrigated area in India has increased substantially after the Green revolution and both surface and groundwater have been extensively used. Under warming climate projections, irrigation frequency may increase leading to increased irrigation water demands. Water resources planning and management in a...

The purpose of this study was to assess the antibacterial effect of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and chlorhexidine (CHX) on Enterococcus faecalis and to evaluate and to compare the time-dependant antimicrobial effect of NaDCC with NaOCl and CHX in the root canal in vitro before and after instrumentation. Extracted human single teeth were prepared by serial i...

The present study aims to find out an optimum policy for pumping out the optimized volume of groundwater obtained from the authors' earlier Two Level Optimization Model [N.K. Garg, A. Ali, 1998. Two level optimization model for Lower Indus Basin. Agric. Water Manage. 36, 1±21] for the Dadu Canal Command of the Lower Indus Basin. It is shown that the tubewells in this canal command may be operat...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation used to clean dentinal walls on the apical sealing of root canals filled with different types of sealers. BACKGROUND DATA Laser application to the dentinal walls removed debris, rendering the root canals free of smear layers and leaving the dentinal canaliculi open. METHODS Sixty-four maxillary canines ...

Approximately 85% of the water consumed in Chile is destined to agricultural irrigation and is managed by the users themselves. This study analyzed the price that irrigation water users pay to their Water User Associations (WUAs) to which they belong and the relationship of this price to the professional level and performance of the WUAs. The study included 24 WUAs: 10 River Administration Boar...

Success in endodontics depends largely on the activity of the irrigation solutions used during canal cleaning and shaping. Sometimes the irrigation solutions should act deep within the dentin, particularly in cases of chronic infectious lesions, in which it has been found that germs can lodge in the depths of the dentinal tubules. The aim of this study was to compare the penetration of methylen...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and four intracanal medications on Candida albicans harvested inside root canals. Materials and methods: The contaminated canals were irrigated with sterile saline and then treated as follows: filled with (1) calcium hydroxide and saline, (2) calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, (3) zinc oxide and 2% chlorhexidine glucon...