The Tektronix TDS 2014 is a four channel Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO) with 8-bit analogue to digital converter. This document reports on the calibration of the equipment for voltage measurements. A precise multimeter was used to calibrate the DSO. The calibration was performed by applying various DC voltages to the DSO and comparing the measurement results reported by the DSO and the mult...

Based on the analysis of three main factors involved in the relative radiometric calibration for optical sensors, namely: the number of radiance level; the number of measurements at each level; and the radiance level grouping method, an optimal strategy is presented in this paper for relative radiometric calibration. First, the maximization to the possible extent of either the number of the rad...

The use of nuclear backscatter moisture -density gages for soil compaction control has gained a great deal of favor during the past several years . However, before this type of equipment can be applied to routine field control, several factors influencing the operation of the gage must be investigated. Various techniques for expressing nuclear results were studied, and the results indicate that...

Radiation protection monitoring instruments should be calibrated by accredited calibration laboratories. To offer calibration services, a laboratory must accomplish all requirements established by the national regulatory agency. The Calibration Service of the Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares (CRCN-NE), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Recife, Brazil, is trying to achieve this accredit...

This paper presents the establishment of a quality control program and correction factors for the geometry of the vials used for distribution of radiopharmaceutical and activimeters calibration. The radiopharmaceutical produced by IPEN 67Ga, 131I, 201Tl and 99mTc had been tested using two different vials. Results show a maximum variation of 22% for 201Tl, and the minimum variation was 2.98% for...

The purpose of this study was to document the precision with which measurements can be made on a normal subject as a "biologic control" when comparisons are made both on an intralaboratory and interlaboratory basis. One individual had a total of about 300 routine pulmonary function measurements in 22 laboratories during a 13-year period. In this study, significant variation was found in interla...

The aim of this paper is to discuss issues based on foundation design in conjunction with partial factor format for the future development of foundation design codes. That the resistance factor approach is superior to the material factor approach in practical terms for foundation design is concluded. Then, a common procedure from geotechnical investigation/ testing to determine the design geote...

N AUTOMATIC PIPETING DEVICE for measuring small samples of serum or other biologic fluids has been described (1). This type of pipet can be used to measure 0.1 to 0.2 ml. volumes of different samples accurately. It is self-cleaning and can be used repeatedly from sample to sample. Because of these desirable features it was applied to the manometric Van Slyke apparatus (2) for the measurement of...

Activated sludge models (ASMs) have been widely used for process design, operation and optimization in wastewater treatment plants. However, it is still a challenge to achieve an efficient calibration for reliable application by using the conventional approaches. Hereby, we propose a novel calibration protocol, i.e. Numerical Optimal Approaching Procedure (NOAP), for the systematic calibration ...

Antenna calibration measurement is a specific type of multidimensional measurement with a plenty of influencing factors. In order to validate these measurements, the specialized methodology with a goal of improving the calibration procedures has been developed. The method is based on cluster analysis of existing antenna calibration measurements in a combination with tailored outlier detection m...