Roads play a significant part of economic development. Due to financial constraints, in many developing countries like Botswana, there are large networks unpaved roads. The major detriment effect or gravel roads is dust emissions. Dust affects the climate change which turn increases generation dust. This has huge impact on human health risen great concern. best solution mitigate emission from s...

Ž . Field experiments show ground penetrating radar GPR can be used to image shallow carbonate stratigraphy effectively in a variety of settings. In south Florida, the position and structure of cap rock cover on limestone can be an important Ž . control on surface water flow and vegetation, but larger scale outcrops tens of meters of cap rock are sparse. GPR mapping through south Florida prairi...

The predominant mode of distress for unbound pavement layers is the permanent deformation of the layer either through gradual deformation or rapid shear failure of the layer. Several researchers have related both these forms of permanent deformation to the ratio of the imposed stress over the shear strength of the material. Conventionally, the shear strength of the material was characterised wi...

The facies distribution and palaeobotanical identity of fossil charcoal is described from the Upper Carboniferous (Westphalian A–B) Joggins section, Nova Scotia, in order to examine the fire ecology of early Westphalian floodplains. Three charcoal assemblages are noted. Assemblage (1) consists of channel sandstone bodies, containing beds of calcrete breccia, cordaite logs (up to 3 m long), and ...

For long, widely divergent views (based on isolated pieces of historical evidence or broad geological evolution of the subcontinent, notably the rise of the Himalayas in mid-late Miocene), had prevailed regarding origin and antiquity of the Thar Desert. Studies of the past few decades have since provided a wealth of new information on landform styles, evolutionary processes and palaeoclimate hi...

The article “Characteristics of Point Recharge in Karst Aquifers, Water 6: 2782–2807” by N. Somaratne evaluates various recharge estimation techniques applied to four limestone aquifers in South Australia. Somaratne [1] concludes that methods based on watertable fluctuations, groundwater modelling and water budgets are independent of recharge processes, and are therefore superior to the chlorid...

The regressive evolution of eyes has long intrigued biologists yet the genetic underpinnings remain opaque. A system of discrete aquifers in arid Australia provides a powerful comparative means to explore trait regression at the genomic level. Multiple surface ancestors from two tribes of diving beetles (Dytiscidae) repeatedly invaded these calcrete aquifers and convergently evolved eye-less ph...

Non-marine Cretaceous rocks are widespread in northeastern Thailand and is well known as “the red bed” Khorat Group. The Sao Khua Formation the upper half of Group which comprised six formations. This formation was named defined at type section for between restricted PhraWihan Phu Phan drainage area Huai Khua, an intermittent stream that flows westward parallel to highway Nong Bua Lamphu UdonTh...

The Reguibat Shield is an area of intensive uranium exploration and about 80 ore occurrences have been discovered in recent decades within its borders. region the study located Tasiast-Tijirit terrane, which represents a northwestern part Archean domain Shield. rocks terrane are Mesoarchean age. main types migmatites, gneisses amphibolites, greenstone associations, granitic intrusions pegmatite...