In the present work the internal sulfate attack on pastes made from pure clinker phases was studied. Two binders were produced: (a) a binder with 2% C3A and 18% C4AF content; (b) a binder with 10% C3A and C4AF content each. Gypsum was used as the sulfate bearing compound, while calcium carbonate added to differentiate the binders produced. The phases formed were identified by XRD analysis. The ...

The associated effect of sodium chloride and dihydrate gypsum on the mechanical performance a slag-based geopolymer activated by quicklime was investigated compressive strength, shrinkage, square circle anti-cracking tests mortar with 0.5 water–binder ratio 1:3 binder–sand ratio, as well paste soundness, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microsc...

Abstract Metallurgical grade alumina is produced worldwide through the well-known Bayer process, which unavoidably generates bauxite residue (BR, also known as red mud) in almost equal amounts to alumina. This study aims valorization of BR a smelting-reduction process obtain calcium aluminate slags that can be proper feed for recovery via Pedersen process. It investigates thermodynamics and cha...

Alkali activated material has recently attracted great attention as an environmentally friendly building material. Generally, it exhibits higher mechanical properties and better durability when compared with Portland cement based materials. In this article, mixed alkali activated systems consisting of N-A-S-H and C-A-S-H hydrated gels were produced, using metakaolin as a dominated starting mate...

The phosphorus (P) removal of five combinations of dual filters consisting of blast furnace slag (BFS), argon oxygen decarburisation slag (AOD) and electric arc furnace slag (EAF) was evaluated in column experiments with domestic waste water. The columns were fed with waste water for 24 days. The column with only EAF had the best P removal performance (above 93% throughout the experiment). The ...

Laboratory scale studies have repeatedly reported high P-retention in slag, a by-product of the steel manufacturing industry. Thus, it has emerged as a potential material to increase P-removal from constructed wetlands (CWs). However, several limitations were highlighted by field experiments, including the high pH of treated water and clogging. We hypothesized that the addition of sedimentary r...

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a promising option for the recovery of low-rank and inaccessible coal resources. Detailed mineralogical information is essential to understand underground reaction conditions far from the surface and optimize the operation parameters during the UCG process. It is also significant in identifying the environmental effects of UCG residue. In this paper, with ...

Geopolymer concrete is a more environmentally friendly alternative than conventional because its production does not need cement. Instead, waste materials such as fly ash, rice husk slag, etc. are used. This research studies the effect of activator concentration (6–10 M), curing temperature (40–80 °C) and incorporation ratio thermally mechanically treated recycled aggregate (0–100%) on changes ...