The septal organ, a distinct chemosensory organ observed in the mammalian nose, is essentially a small island of olfactory neuroepithelium located bilaterally at the ventral base of the nasal septum. Virtually nothing is known about its physiological properties and function. To understand the nature of the sensory neurons in this area, we studied the mechanisms underlying olfactory signal trans...

A previous report indicated that progesterone pretreatment can markedly reduce cadmium (Cd) toxicity in male NAW mice. Therefore we examined the effects of progesterone pretreatment on Cd toxicity in male Fischer (F344) and Wistar (WF) rats. A single subcutaneous injection of 10 or 30 mumole (CdCl2)/kg proved nonlethal over 24 hr but caused the typical spectrum of testicular lesions in these ra...

This study investigated the short-term (3 h) cadmium binding characteristics of the gills, as well as the influence of various water chemistry variables [calcium, magnesium, sodium, pH, alkalinity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)] on short-term gill accumulation and acute toxicity of cadmium in juvenile freshwater rainbow trout. The cadmium binding pattern revealed two types of cadmium bindin...

The mechanism of cellular uptake of cadmium, a highly toxic metal ion, is not known. We have studied cadmium uptake and toxicity in an established secretory cell line, GH4C1, which has well characterized calcium channels. Nimodipine, an antagonist of voltage-sensitive calcium channels, protected cells against cadmium toxicity by increasing the LD50 for CdCl2 from 15 to 45 microM, whereas the ca...

Esthesioneuroblastoma(Olfactory neuroblastoma) is a rare malignant neoplasm arising from basal cells within the olfactory epithelium. Its clinnical course is unpredictable with variable correlation between microscopic features and biological behaviour.[1] We report a very indolent case of olfactory neuroblastoma presented only with nasal obstruction due to unilateral mass at the anterolateral a...

background: cadmium has toxicological significance and there is no effective therapy for its poisoning. objective: the effects of silymarin on the parameters indicative of cadmium-induced toxicity were studied in rats. methods: 130 adult male wistar rats were divided into 13 groups each comprising 10 rats. 1 group as control group was not administered neither cadmium nor silymarin. cadmium chlo...

background: there has been increasing awareness throughout the world regarding the remarkable decrease in amphibian population. for such amphibian population decline several causes have been given. cadmium, a heavy metal is released both from natural sources (leaching of cadmium rich soils) and anthropogenic activities to the aquatic and terrestrial environments. this study evaluated the toxici...

The incidence of serious poisoning caused by occupational cadmium exposure has declined over the past four decades due to improvements in the work environment. However, long-term low-level exposure to cadmium needs to be addressed. For workers in industries that handle cadmium, it is necessary to consider the daily cadmium intake from contaminated foods such as cereals and rice in addition to t...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective roles of Adansonia digitata (African baobab) Cucumeropsis mannii (Melon), Abelmoschus esculentus (Okro), on lipid profile, bone health, and selected organs (liver, kidney, brain, testis) against cadmium-induced toxicity in rabbits. Twenty male rabbits were grouped into five with four each group. Group 1 served as positive control re...

ticular concern are “heavy metals,” which occur naturally in the earth’s crust and are defined in physiochemical terms as metals with a density at least 5 times as great as water. This definition translates into an approximate heavy-metal minimum density of 5, and—in addition to cadmium, lead, and mercury—the metals zinc, copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, tin, manganese, and molybdenum also qualify...