Carbachol was injected into a presynaptic cholinergic neuron in the buccal ganglion of Aplysia and the quantal aspects of the Cl- -dependent postsynaptic response to a prolonged stimulation were analyzed by a statistical fluctuation method. The calculated amplitude of the miniature postsynaptic current was increased with respect to control. Statistical fluctuation analysis was also used to anal...

To determine whether a microneedle patch combined with 5% topical lidocaine reduces dental injection pain more than without microneedles lidocaine. This proof of principle randomised, two-treatment, double-blind, crossover split-unit design study in 16 healthy participants investigated levels perceived from 3 increasing provoking challenges, when gel was applied to the oral mucosa and no micron...

Introduction Foreign body in the oral cavity may be asymptomatic for long time and only sometimes it can lead to a typical granulomatous foreign body reaction. Some patients may complain of oral pain and present signs of inflammation with purulent discharge. A granuloma is a distinct, compact microscopic structure composed of epithelioid-shaped macrophages typically surrounded by a rim of lymph...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of topical anesthetic, 20% benzocaine in relieving pain and stress in patients following deep cavity restoration and extraction of teeth under local anesthesia (LA). METHODS A prospective clinical trial was conducted from October 2014 until April 2015 at Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Forty-five patients were in...

objective: anesthetic techniques like the akinosi technique were introduced to surmount the problems of the conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (ianb) technique. this study aimed to compare the local anesthetic efficacy of ianb via the conventional and akinosi techniques in patients presenting to the maxillofacial surgery department of school of dentistry, shahid beheshti university. met...

Palatal myoclonus is a rare condition in which there are rhythmic jerky movements of the soft palate and sometimes of the other muscles innervated by the brainstem A particularly annoying symptom is a rhythmic clicking sound in the ear due to the opening and closing of the Eustachian tube. Orofacial buccal dystonia is a focal dystonia with sustained spasms of the masticatory, facial or lingual ...

AIM Proper anesthesia and pain management during treatment are most important concerns in dentistry for people of all ages, especially children. This study compared the success rate of lidocaine block with articaine buccal infiltration during anesthesia of the primary mandibular second molars in children aged 6 to 8 and 8 to 10 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present clinical trial was condu...

Neuropeptide synthesis was determined for individual identified ventral-cluster neurons in the buccal ganglia of Aplysia. Each of these cells was shown to be a motor neuron that innervates buccal muscles that generate biting and swallowing movements during feeding. Individual neurons were identified by a battery of physiological criteria and stained with intracellular injection of a vital dye, ...

giant cell fibroma (gcf) was described as a new entity of fibrous hyperplastic soft tissue. it seems that stimulus from an unexplained origin can have a role in its etiology. histopathologically gcf is consisted of multinucleated fibroblasts that have oval shape nuclei within the eosinophilic cytoplasm. surgical excision is the treatment of choice and recurrence is very rare. here we report a c...

background and aims. pain control ensures patient satisfaction and cooperation. this study aimed to compare the interseptal anesthetic technique (ia) as the initial injection for pain control during periodontal flap surgery with the inferior alveolar nerve block (ianb) accompanied by long buccal infiltration (lbi). materials and methods. this single-blind randomized clinical trial included 40 p...