BACKGROUND The choice of sampling techniques in bronchoscopy with sampling from a visible lesion will depend on the expected diagnostic yields and the costs of the sampling techniques. AIMS The aim of this study was to determine the most economical combination of sampling techniques when approaching endobronchial visible lesions. METHODS A cost minimization analysis was performed. All bronc...

BACKGROUND The combination of endobronchial biopsy with cytological brushing is considered the best procedures for the diagnosis of lung cancer during bronchoscopy. AIM To asses the diagnostic yield for lung cancer (with visible endobronchial alterations at endoscopy) of three fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedures: endobronchial biopsy, cytological brushing and bronchial cytological washings. ...

OBJECTIVES The influence of toothbrushing duration and dentifrice quantity on fluoride efficacy against dental caries is poorly understood. This study investigated effects of these two oral hygiene factors on enamel remineralisation (measured as surface microhardness recovery [SMHR]), enamel fluoride uptake (EFU), and net acid resistance (NAR) post-remineralisation in a randomized clinical stud...

The paper describes a tool designed within the first stage of the European project INVISIP in order to explore geographical metadata in the site planning process. A visual data mining approach is applied to a database of geographical metadata to help the user find an optimal subset of the existing geographical datasets for his particular planning task. It allows the user to perform both confirm...

PURPOSE To assess the effect of brushing with different solutions on the abrasion resistance of two types of acrylic resin teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Maxillary premolars from two types of acrylic teeth (Biotone and Biotone IPN) were divided into six groups (n = 12), according to the solution used during brushing: distilled water (control), coconut soap, or dentifrice. A mechanical brushing ...

Regular tooth brushing is considered an excellent preventive measure for oral plaque control. Yet despite over one hundred years of effort by dental professionals, levels of tooth brushing remain distressingly low. Evidence from a variety of studies suggests that tooth brushing is commonly performed in a regularised, automatic (i.e., routine) manner. Here it is argued a routine can be considere...

The caries-preventive benefits of fluoride are generally accepted by dental researchers and practicing professionals worldwide. The benefits of fluoride toothpastes and mouthrinses have been supported by several high-quality systematic reviews. The formulation of a fluoride toothpaste and biological (salivary flow rate) and behavioral factors (brushing frequency, brushing time, post-brushing ri...

Brushing is a commonly used interaction technique that allows users to select items or an area of the visualization as the user moves the mouse. Brushing is often used with multiple views, where any co-related information is simultaneously highlighted in these linked views. Brushing is a direct manipulation technique where interaction is performed directly with the visualization. Similar effect...

In this study, scaling, polishing and daily tooth brushing were performed in 20 beagle dogs, and the number of oral bacteria was determined using a bacterial counter. The dogs were randomized into the scaling (S), scaling + polishing (SP), scaling + tooth daily brushing (SB) and scaling + polishing + tooth daily brushing (SPB) groups. Samples were collected from the buccal surface of the maxill...

In graph cleaning problems, brushes clean a graph by traversing it subject to certain rules. Various problems arise, such as determining the minimum number of brushes that are required to clean the entire graph. This number is called the brushing number. Here, we study a new variant of the brushing problem in which one vertex is cleaned at a time, but more than one brush may traverse a dirty ed...