The effects of 22 lyotropic salts on the polymerization of deoxygenated sickle hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb S) were evaluated. The equilibrium solubility was measured as the saturation concentration, cBat, after phase separation by centrifugation at 30°C. The linear plots of csat uersus salt concentration allowed the assignment of particular cations or anions as either salting-in (csat increased) or sa...

Chemical and stable carbon isotopic modifications during the freezing of artificial seawater were measured in four 4 m tank incubations. Three of the four incubations were inoculated with a nonaxenic Antarctic diatom culture. The 18 days of freezing resulted in 25 to 27 cm thick ice sheets overlying the residual seawater. The ice phase was characterized by a decrease in temperature from 1.9 to ...

Ion specific effects on the mutual solubilities between hydrophobic ionic liquids (ILs) and water are complex and not fully understood. The aim of this work is to obtain further evidence about the molecular mechanism behind this phenomenon by evaluating the effect of a large series of inorganic and organic salts on the mutual solubilities of water and the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliu...

Due to scarce available experimental data, as well as due to the absence of predictive models, the influence of salts on the solubility of ionic liquids (ILs) in water is still poorly understood. To this end, this work addresses the solubility of the IL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C4C1im][NTf2]), at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa, in aqueous salt solutions (from 0.1 to...

Hofmeister effects of ions in aqueous solution strongly affect chemical and biological systems. High low charge density anions, such as SO42- SCN- respectively, decrease (salting-out) or increase (salting-in) the solubility organic solutes water. Due to their very charge-density, nanometric e.g. polyoxometalates (POMs), tremendously (highly salting-in) they bind neutral hydrated – a property th...

Lithium-brine is an important potential source of lithium. Much research and investigation has been carried out aimed at lithium recovery from brine. Although the distribution and occurrence status of lithium in brine have important implications for lithium recovery, few reports had correlated to this issue. In this article, a study was carried out to explore the lithium migration behavior duri...

The highest densities of lakes on Earth are in north temperate ecosystems, where increasing urbanization and associated chloride runoff can salinize freshwaters and threaten lake water quality and the many ecosystem services lakes provide. However, the extent to which lake salinity may be changing at broad spatial scales remains unknown, leading us to first identify spatial patterns and then in...

The Forward Osmosis Brine Drying (FOBD) system is based on a technique called forward osmosis (FO). FO is a membrane-based process where the osmotic potential between brine and a salt solution is equalized by the movement of water from the brine to the salt solution. The FOBD system is composed of two main elements, the FO bag and the salt regeneration system. This paper discusses the results o...

Based on the engineering background of water dissolving mining for hydrocarbon storage in multi-laminated salt stratum, the mixed mode fracture toughness and fracture trajectory of gypsum interlayers soaked in half-saturated brine at various temperatures (20°C, 50°C and 80°C) were studied by using CSNBD (centrally straight-notched Brazilian disc) specimens with required inclination angles (0°, ...