Base-level fall in river beds occurs due to varying natural or unnatural causes. Base-level fall causes the change in the behavior of flow at the location of drop in base-level. In such situations, most of scour occur at the foot of the slope, and slope wall retreats in the upstream direction. This phenomenon widens the wall of the river bank, thus leading to its destruction. The amount of bed ...

Damage due to earthquake is commonly related to substantial direct and indirect losses, highlighting the need for damage detection and retrofit prioritization based on the results of the seismic risk assessment of the road network. In this context, numerous methodologies have been developed for the seismic vulnerability assessment of bridges for different levels of seismic hazard using fragilit...

This study investigates the load sharing capabilities for half-caps of a 190m long timber bridge. The bridge has 31 spans over the Avon River in Toodyay, Western Australia. It was constructed from local hardwood timbers and had a series of repairs. However as the width between kerbs was only 5.5 m and it was no footpath it was decided to replace the bridge by a new wider concrete structure. The...

Scour is by far the primary cause of bridge failures in the United States. Scour and other hydraulic effects are particularly threatening because the deterioration is often invisible , hidden beneath turbid water. Many scour monitoring methods attempt to measure the development of scour pockets themselves. However, this is difficult due to debris — both floating and submerged — and shifting str...

The experimental seismic testing of a 1/5-length scale model, slender bridge steel truss pier was conducted to investigate the use of a controlled rocking approach as a means of seismic protection. The controlled rocking approach allows the pier to uplift from its base, partially isolating the structure, while passive energy dissipation devices (steel yielding devices, fluid viscous dampers) ar...

most previous laboratory studies of local scour at bridge abutments were performed in rectangular channels in which the distributions of flow velocity and bed shear stress were considered uniform in the transverse direction. in reality however, bridge abutments are usually located in the floodplain zone of rivers where velocity and shear stress distributions are directly affected by the lat...

One of the most important factors in determining the depth of foundations in structures adjacent to the water flow is the scouring phenomenon; the scouring is a phenomenon caused by the interactions between water flow and erodible bed materials, which causes the removal of sediments where hydraulic structures are located, including bridge piers. Every year, a great number of bridges are damaged...

Bridge pier scour is a complex process, which influenced by many parameters, including the presence of ice cover around piers. To better understand influence on bridge scour, an artificial cover, equipped with either smooth or rough surface, was constructed and tested experimentally. The positioned surface water submerged to specified depths in order replicate floating fixed (pressurized) condi...