The need to vary body temperature to optimize physiological processes can lead to thermoregulatory behaviours, particularly in ectotherms. Despite some evidence of within-population phenotypic variation in thermal behaviour, the occurrence of alternative tactics of this behaviour is rarely explicitly considered when studying natural populations. The main objective of this study was to determine...

Males that follow alternative reproductive tactics might differ in their investment into testis development and sperm production. The resource-allocation hypothesis predicts that males following a sneaker tactic should invest more into sperm production than dominant territorial males which should invest more into mate guarding. This hypothesis is supported by studies in species where individual...

Adult male Megacyllene robiniae (Förster) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) that are paired with a female often are challenged by conspecific males that attempt to displace them. In staged laboratory bouts, challenging males used seven distinct tactics to displace defending males, including wedging their head between the defender and the female (termed wedging), straddling the mated pair and pulling t...

In this experience report, a programmer at a medium-sized software company explains his tactics for bottom-up organizational change. The tactics are accompanied by personal recollections of related experiences. Tactics are presented in three primary sections: the difficulty of making change; getting attention; and making a case for change. A brief section on the consequences of change follows.

The computer-based simulation of military tactics has largely involved the use of platform-dependent scripting resulting in behaviour that is limited, and difficult to debug and reuse. The Tactics Development Framework (TDF) addresses these shortcomings by providing design-level support for tactics modelling. Its integration with VBS3 is reported here.

The REBOUND adaptation framework organizes a collection of adaptation tactics in a way that they can be selected based on the components available for adaptation. Adaptation tactics are specified formally in terms of the relationship between the component to be adapted and the resulting adapted component. The tactic specifications are used as matching conditions for specification-based componen...

application of relationship marketing tactics can not be successful alone and should consider other factors such as personnel attributes(social afflication ,social recognition, shopping enjoyment, product category involvement)perspective at selection and appraisal. the sample research customers of maxim chain store in tehran what choiced to method sampler chanceful. in this study we examine thr...