Background:Hydrocephalus in children can treated medically or surgically, mostly surgical treatment managed preferred, usually by an opening of the obstructive lesion carried out ventriculostomy a shunt (ventriculoatrial, ventriculoperitoneal) insertion. The most common procedure is insertion ventricular peritoneal VP neurosurgical intervention preferred for hydrocephalus, which effective drain...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) overdrainage after lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt placement for the patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is mainly caused by insufficient management of pressure settings of the shunt valve and/or siphon effect of shunt systems induced by the patient's postural changes. We here report a unique case of intracranial hypotension (IH) due to CSF leakage...

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain is a condition known as hydrocephalus. It may cause a life-threatening increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). Nonsurgical treatment of hydrocephalus includes continuous CSF drainage, repetitive lumbar punctures (Lim et al., 2009), or osmotic diuretics such as mannitol or glycerol, but their effects are transient and limited. Sur...

OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical presentations, complications and mortality in patients with Dandy-Walker Malformation (DWM) after surgery i.e., shunt with y-connector. STUDY DESIGN Case series. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Neurosurgery Ward, JPMC, Karachi, from January 2009 to December 2013. METHODOLOGY Cases of DWM, with associated hydrocephalus, further confirmed on CT scan of brain,...

MicroRNA-208a (mir-208a) is essential for cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Endoglin, a co-receptor of transforming growth factor-β is also essential for cardiac fibrosis. Endoglin has been shown to be a target of mir-208a in the in vitro mechanical stress model. Volume overload can lead to heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. The role of mir-208a and endoglin in volume overload heart failure is...

A 14 years old boy who had a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt since the age of 5 months, was hospitalized due to headaches, nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. In abdominal CT and sonographic evaluation, pancreatic pseudocyst or mesentric cyst were suspected. Evaluation of the shunt by radionuclide, however, was diagnostic and revealed a pseudocyst at the peritoneal end of the shunt. Th...

BACKGROUND Thoracic complications of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts have been extensively reported in the literature. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrothorax without catheter migration, however, has been rarely described and poorly understood. CASE DESCRIPTION We describe development of pleural effusion and respiratory distress in a 3-year-old boy with no evidence of VP shunt catheter displac...

BACKGROUND Intracranial venous congestion is often caused by local venous thrombosis or brain arteriovenous fistulas. Hemodialysis shunts are known to cause venous enlargement in the arm or chest but have not been related to intracranial vascular pathology. Case Description- A 59-year-old woman who presented with increasing headache, gait instability, and memory loss was a renal transplant reci...

A 56-yr-old man, two months after an operation for an acoustic neurinoma, gradually developed dyspnea. Massive pulmonary embolism (MPE), with a significant right-to-left (R-L) shunt, was seen in a perfusion scan of the lungs with Tc-99m MAA. Radioactivity was noted in the thyroid, spleen, kidneys and brain. A cardiac ultrasound study did not reveal intracardiac shunting. A few days later, when ...