Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mediator of angiogenesis and a strong vascular permeability factor. Blockade of VEGF may have a potential to treat brain edema after brain injury. In the rat cold injury model, the VEGF receptor antagonist VGA1155 significantly reduced the brain water content and the maximum effect was obtained when given at 30 minutes after injury. This effe...

The advent of neuroimaging in dental research provides exciting opportunities for relating excitation of trigeminal neurons to human somatosensory perceptions. Cold air sensitivity is one of the most frequent causes of dental discomfort or pain. Up to date, devices capable of delivering controlled cold air in an MR-environment are unavailable for quantitative sensory testing. This study therefo...

Matthew T. Kaufman, Jeffrey S. Seely, David Sussillo, Stephen I. Ryu, Krishna V. Shenoy and Mark M. Churchland Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Cold Sp...

Seasonal hibernation in mammals is under a unique adaptation system that protects organisms from various harmful events, such as lowering of body temperature (Tb), during hibernation. However, the precise factors controlling hibernation remain unknown. We have previously demonstrated a decrease in hibernation-specific protein (HP) complex in the blood of chipmunks during hibernation. Here, HP i...

In previous communications we have reported the experimental production of encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs with some brain lipid extracts and brain residue (after lipid extraction with cold acetone, ether and alcohol), composed mostly of proteins (1). In the present report we shall record our observations on the production of experimental encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs with a protein calcium...

The BCH (BNIP2 and Cdc42GAP Homology) domain-containing protein Bmcc1/Prune2 is highly enriched in the brain and is involved in the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics and cell survival. However, the molecular mechanisms accounting for these functions are poorly defined. Here, we have identified Bmcc1s, a novel isoform of Bmcc1 predominantly expressed in the mouse brain. In primary cultures of ...

Response by Chen et al to Letter Regarding Article, “Endovascular Hypothermia in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study of Selective Intra-Arterial Cold Saline Infusion” In Response: We are thankful to Mattingly et al for their interest and critical evaluation of our article. In comparison to other studies, we did not measure the temperature of brain tissue directly because we considered the risk...

Cold-sensitive and nociceptive neural pathways interact to shape the quality and intensity of thermal and pain perception. Yet the central processing of cold thermosensation in the human brain has not been extensively studied. Here, we used magnetoencephalography and EEG in healthy volunteers to investigate the time course (evoked fields and potentials) and oscillatory activity associated with ...

Acute exposure to cold stress has been shown to impair short-term, or working, memory, which may be related to reduction in, or disruption of, sustained release of brain catecholamines. Administering a supplemental dose of the catecholamine precursor tyrosine may alleviate cold stress-induced memory impairments by preventing cold-induced deficits in brain catecholamine levels. The present exper...